Abstract: The invention relates a torsional vibration damper, comprising the following features: a primary part with two lateral discs (1, 2) which are connected to each other for conjoint rotation; a secondary part with a central disc (3) which is arranged between the lateral discs; a primary part and secondary part are rotationally connected to each other via springs (5); damping chambers which are filled with a damping medium and each have at least one throttle opening; guide elements (7.1) are provided for supporting and guiding the springs. The invention is characterized by the following features: each spring is assigned two guide elements which are both arranged at mutual axial distance and form the supporting surfaces against a movement of the spring in the radial and in the axial direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an elastic coupling in disc construction, in particular for damping torsional vibrations of an internal combustion engine, having the following features: a first coupling half, which comprises two side discs, which are connected in a rotationally-fixed manner on the outer circumference; a second coupling half, which is formed by at least one middle disc assigned to a hub, which is arranged between the side discs and enveloped thereby; the two coupling halves are pivotable to a limited extent to one another against the force of at least one elastic coupling element; the side discs delimit a liquid-tight inner space, which receives the middle disc, at least one damping chamber, which is variable in volume during the mutual pivoting of the coupling halves and is filled with a damping medium, is arranged in the radial outer area of the inner space; a floating damping ring, which is pivotable to a limited extent in relation to each of the two coupling halves, is introduced into the inne

Abstract: Impeller and turbine wheels form a toroidal working chamber of a hydrodynamic clutch filled with working medium. A throttle plate extends circumferentially near a central diameter of the working chamber The throttle plate moves axially, from an inactive position with little or no throttling effect on a circular flow of the working medium, to an active position with a greater throttling effect on the circular flow. The working chamber is without a center wall, such that the throttle plate is directly enclosed by the flow zone of the working chamber in both the active and inactive position of the throttle plate. The inactive position is located in the area of a separation gap between the impeller and the turbine wheel.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic clutch includes an impeller and a turbine wheel which jointly form a toroidal working chamber that is or can be filled with a working medium. A throttle plate is provided which can be moved in the axial direction of the hydrodynamic clutch in order to be optionally introduced into the working chamber and/or be displaced within the working chamber. The throttle plate extends in the area of a central diameter of the working chamber in the circumferential direction of the hydrodynamic clutch. The intake end of the throttle plate extends parallel or substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the hydrodynamic clutch from the perspective of an axial section across the hydrodynamic clutch, the working medium flowing against the intake end of the throttle plate in a circular flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrodynamic modular unit having two rotating impellers—a primary impeller (3) and a secondary impeller (4)—which jointly form at least one toroidal working chamber (5), having at least one inlet (6) into the toroidal working chamber (5) for operating medium and an outlet (7) out from the toroidal working chamber, the inlet (6) and the outlet (5?) being connected to each other via a circuit (8), and having an operating-medium source (10) that can be coupled to the inlet at least indirectly. The inventive hydrodynamic modular unit is characterized by the following features: means (9) for coupling the operating-medium source to the inlet and the outlet simultaneously or in a slightly time-delayed manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lockup clutch (1) for hydrodynamic components (2), comprising at least one primary wheel (4) and one secondary wheel (5), which define a working chamber (6), and having two inputs (26, 27)—a first input (26) linked to the secondary wheel (5) and a second input (27) linked to the primary wheel (4). Said inputs (26, 27) can be optionally linked to an output (28) of the lockup clutch (1) via a switchable clutch, thereby producing a first or a second power branch (32, 33). The coupling between the input (27) of the lockup clutch (1) that is coupled to the primary wheel (4) and the output (28) of the lockup clutch (1) in order to create the second power branch (33) is free of any rotationally fixed mechanical connection between the primary wheel (4) and the secondary wheel (5). The coupling between the inputs (26, 27) of the lockup clutch (1) and the output (28) of the lockup clutch (1) in the individual power branches (31, 33) is provided with rpm/torque converting devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for damping oscillations, especially an oscillation damper

Abstract: The invention relates to optical brighteners that possess at least one free SO3H group and their use for whitening materials containing cellulose.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) where Z is SO3M, COOR1, CONR1, SO2NHR1, NHCOR1, COR2, or CN, where R1 is M or C1-C3-alkyl and R2 is C1-C3-alkyl or phenyl, X is O or NR3, where R3 is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, Y is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, M is hydrogen, an alkali metal cation, or an optionally substituted ammonium ion, n is from 4 to 35, and m is 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of optically brightening natural or synthetic materials with aqueous brightener preparations containing

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for oscillation damping in rotating constructional elements, comprising two oscillating masses, a primary and a secondary mass, that can be rotated in a limited manner in relation to each other in the peripheral direction. The primary and the secondary masses can be coupled to each other by means of a damping and spring coupling. The device comprises means for accomplishing spring coupling including at least one spring device. The invention is characterized by the following features: each spring device comprises at least two spring elements; the spring element of the spring device are pretensioned; the spring element of a spring device are allocated to the primary and the secondary masses in such a way that the spring elements are supported against each other.

Abstract: Process for preparing formulations comprising dyes and/or brighteners which possess at least one free SO3H and/or COOH group, characterized in that an aqueous suspension comprising

Abstract: Process for the preparation of stilbene-disulphonic acids containing bis-alkoxy-triazinyl-amino, or derivatives thereof, characterized in that stilbene-disulphonic acids containing bis-chlorotriazinyl-amino, or derivatives thereof, are reacted with at least 10 molar equivalents, based on the stilbene-disulphonic acid compound, of a C1-C4-monoalkanol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing formulations comprising dyes and/or brighteners which possess at least one free SO3H and/or COOH group, in which an aqueous suspension comprising a) dyes and/or brighteners which possess at least one free SO3H and/or COOH group and b) inorganic synthesis salts is desalinated using a microfiltration membrane having pore diameters of from 0.05 to 40 &mgr;m.

Abstract: In the preparation of substituted 4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid salts a clear increase in the reaction rate may be achieved by carrying out the reaction of the tetrachlorine derivative (III) with the aniline (IV) in the presence of the amine (VI) as acid-absorber.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein n represents 0-2;M represents H, alkali metal ion or optionally substituted ammonium ion; andX represents anilino, N- or N,N-alkylamino;by reaction of a compound of the formula (IV) ##STR2## with 2 molar equivalents of an amnine of the formula X--H, at a pH of 5-10, optionally in the presence of an acid-trapping agent which differs from X--H, wherein the compound of the formula (IV) is added to an aqueous reaction medium with a temperature of at least 40.degree. C. and the amine of the formula X--H and, optionally, the acid-trapping agent are added to the aqueous reaction medium independently of one another and/or during and/or after the addition of IV. The compounds of the formula I which are outstandingly suitable as optical brighteners.

Abstract: An elastic clutch of disk design is used with a divided flywheel for an internal combustion engine having two clutch halves which are rotatable relative to each other and include several cutouts about their circumference. Helical springs are disposed in a parallel and nested manner and upon mutual rotation of the two clutch halves are operable essentially simultaneously. The elastic clutch elements include a main spring and at least two partial springs which are arranged within the main spring. A one-part or multiple-part guide component disposed between the partial springs centers the partial springs and supports them in relation to the main spring.

Abstract: Dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## in which the substituents have the meanings given in the description are suitable for the dyeing and printing of hydroxyl- and amido-containing materials.

Abstract: Reactive dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## in which A=H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, acylamino or amino,B=H, alkyl or alkoxy,X=--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --Y, whereY=a radical which can be removed under alkaline conditions andZ=a fibre-reactive radical.

Abstract: The gully closure for preventing the pollution of bodies of water in accident situations consists of a flexible mat (1) which covers the gulley surface and is coated with a highly viscous, free-flowing moulding composition (2). A plastically deformable silicone gel has proved particularly successful as a free-flowing moulding composition (2).