Abstract: The invention relates to a non-oriented electrical strip having high proportions of cube or cube on face texture, a polarization of J 2500>1.7 T and a low core loss, and also to a process for its production. A steel slab, containing max. 0.025% C, less than 0.1% Mn, 0 to 0.15% boundary-surface-active elements and Si and Al in such a way that the relations (% Si)+2(% Al)>1.6% and (% Si)+(% Al)<4.5% are met, balance iron, is hot rolled to a thickness not lower than 3.5 mm. The resulting hot rolled strip is then cold rolled with a degree of reduction of at least 86% without intermediate recrystallization annealing and, if necessary, final annealed.

Abstract: Closed-circuit cooling processes, and apparatus for performing such processes, in which a working fluid is successively compressed, condensed through the removal of heat, expanded, and vaporised by take-up of heat from a fluid to be cooled, before being again compressed, the working fluid having been obtained by mixing refrigerant, having a boiling point within the range 0.degree. to 60.degree. C at atmospheric pressure, with air having a partial pressure initially, that is prior to use and throughout at least a major part of the volume of the circuit, of at least 0.05 atmospheres absolute.