Abstract: A measuring system for a physical variable, the measuring system having a housing, a measuring tube having at least one tubular deformation body having a cross-section which is deformed at least partially and which is configured to expand elastically under pressure, two feed sections attached to end sections of the deformation body, two sealing sections for sealingly coupling the measuring system to a process, and two molded support sections to carry the housing. A measuring sensor system measures values of at least one of a stretching or a widening at at least two points on a section of the deformation body. An evaluation unit evaluates measured values of the stretching and widening and outputs them as a measurement signal. The housing at least partially surrounds and stabilizes the measuring tube on an outside and is provided with a vacuum and/or a negative pressure compared to the outside atmosphere.

Abstract: For a differentiated treatment of individual motion segments of the spine, a plastic rod (41, 42, 46) for the dynamic stabilization of the spine has different degrees of stiffness in its longitudinal direction. The different rod segments are interconnected along an oblique plane (13).

Abstract: A connection element (1) for stabilizing vertebral bodies that has a variable stiffness along its longitudinal axis in that particularly the cross-section of the connecting element varies along its longitudinal axis and extends over a plurality of bone screws (6). In spite of the varying cross-section (h1, h2), in a preferred embodiment, the same bone screws (6) may be used in all locations by inserting clamping elements (9, 10) of different lengths.

Abstract: For a differentiated treatment of individual motion segments of the spine, a plastic rod (41, 42, 46) for the dynamic stabilization of the spine has different degrees of stiffness in its longitudinal direction. The different rod segments are interconnected along an oblique plane (13).

Abstract: In a bone screw (1) with an open receptacle for a connection element, in particular a connection rod, the risk of jamming is reduced by avoiding beveled flights at the lead-in of the thread pair, at least on the thread halves (2) of the receptacle or the attachment element (4, 6, 7, 9) which can be placed onto the head of the screw.

Abstract: A connection element (1) for stabilizing vertebral bodies that has a variable stiffness along its longitudinal axis in that particularly the cross-section of the connecting element varies along its longitudinal axis and extends over a plurality of bone screws (6). In spite of the varying cross-section (h1, h2), in a preferred embodiment, the same bone screws (6) may be used in all locations by inserting clamping elements (9, 10) of different lengths.