Abstract: The invention relates to a pneumatic advertising medium which comprises at least one pneumatic structural element (1). This structural element is vertically erect in the form of a column and the entire peripheral surface can be used as an advertising medium in the manner of an advertising pillar. At least three compression elements (3) distributed across the hollow body comprise at least one respective pair of traction elements (4) that are wound around the hollow body in the opposite direction and provide the column's flexural strength relative to the wind forces attacking the column from all directions. The compression elements (3) can for example be configured as dismountable elements, thereby simplifying their transport. They are either linked with a base plate (5) which in turn is linked with the support in a nonpositive fit or the column is secured by means of bracing wires that are anchored in the ground and fixed to the compression elements (3).

Abstract: A pneumatic support (1) comprises a long hollow body (2), tapering towards the ends and two pressure/tension elements (5). The hollow body (2) is embodied by a sleeve of gas-tight, flexible, non-stretch material. Said sleeve can be formed from two layers, an external non-stretch, flexible sleeve and an inner gas-tight elastic bladder. The hollow body (2) can be pressurised with compressed gas by means of a valve (6). The both pressure/tension elements (5) lie along diametrically opposed surface lines of the hollow body (2) on the same and are partly or completely frictionally connected to the hollow body (2) along said surface lines. The ends of the pressure/tension elements (5) are frictionally connected to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pneumatic structural element comprising a hollow body (1), at least two traction elements (4), two caps (5), at least two knots (3), and at least one compression rod (2). The length of the traction elements (4) of said pneumatic structural element can be pneumatically, hydraulically, or mechanically varied by ?l An actuator (11) or an actuation unit (12) is mounted between the ends of the traction elements (4) and one knot (3). The tensile stress in the traction elements (4) can be adapted to the circumstances by means of electronic control and regulation devices.

Abstract: The inventive lifting body for an airship is constructed of a skin (2) that forms an ellipsoid-like hollow body. A node element (3) is placed in the vicinity of the nose (11) and rear (12) respectively, and compression members (4) extend along surface lines (16) and are anchored on both sides inside one of the node elements (3). The compression members (4) are flexible and thus adapt to the skin (2) along the surface line (16). Two tensile bands (5) per compression member (4) extend in opposite spiraling directions around the skin (2). The skin (2) takes on its provided taut shape while being subjected to an overpressure of several mBars. The compression members (4), together with the node elements (3) and with the tensile bands (5), form an extremely light exoskeleton by means of which the lifting body becomes dimensionally stable.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring a gas consumption by means of a gas meter. A gas meter with thermal mass flow sensor for determining mass flow signals (SM) and with a calibration as energy meter for outputting energy value signals (SE) is known. According to the invention, a gas type is determined by the gas meter insofar as combustible and non-combustible gas mixtures are differentiated. The gas meter is operated, in the case of a non-combustible gas mixture, with calibration in mass or standard volume units (l/min) and, in the case of a combustible gas mixture, with calibration in energy units (kWh). Embodiments concern inter alia: measurement of a gas parameter (?, ?, c, ?) of the gas or determining the gas type; gas quality sensor with an identical construction to thermal flow sensor; measuring intervals lengthened in the case of non-combustible gas and shortened in the case of combustible gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for thermal measuring the flow rate (v) of a fluid (3). In conventional thermal sensors the heating power P is supplied in the form of rectangular pulses. According to the invention, the sensor means (1b) are supplied by a heating control (2b) with non-constant heating pulses having a sublinear build-up dynamics P(t). Thereby, a nonlinear behaviour of the threshold value time (tS), until a threshold value temperature (Tm) is reached, as a function of the flow rate (v) can at least partially be compensated. Embodiments concern inter alia a build-up dynamics P(t) proportional to tm and/or to a time-independent amplitude factor (1+RS/RI)?1, wherein m is a Reynolds-number-dependent exponent and RS, RI are thermal transfer resistances. The advantages are an improved precision, a shorter measuring time and an enlarged measuring range for the flow rate v.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for thermal measuring the flow rate (v) of a fluid (3). In conventional thermal sensors the heating power P is supplied in the form of rectangular pulses. According to the invention, the sensor means (1b) are supplied by a heating control (2b) with non-constant heating pulses having a sublinear build-up dynamics P(t). Thereby, a nonlinear behaviour of the threshold value time (tS), until a threshold value temperature (Tm) is reached, as a function of the flow rate (v) can at least partially be compensated. Embodiments concern inter alia a build-up dynamics P(t) proportional to tm and/or to a time-independent amplitude factor (1+RS/RI)?1, wherein m is a Reynolds-number-dependent exponent and RS, Rl are thermal transfer resistances. The advantages are an improved precision, a shorter measuring time and an enlarged measuring range for the flow rate v.

Abstract: The proposed modular transformer concept is based on a production process in two steps, which separates the fabrication of the turns from the assembly of the transformer, and thus combines automation potential and flexibility. Both the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding are composed of effectively two-dimensional spiral conductor tracks (21,22). These conductor tracks can be produced in a computer-aided manner, and then just need to be stacked and electrically connected. Special insulator layers (11,12) are inserted between the conductor tracks and on the one hand bear the weight while on the other hand providing optimum electrical insulation, so that the distances between the high-voltage and low-voltage conductor tracks can be reduced, and the losses in the conductors as well as the short-circuit impedance of the winding can be decreased.