Abstract: An assembly kit for upgrading a device for grinding welding electrodes with a grinding wheel driven by a driving motor with a shaft, which runs in a two-portion housing, wherein at least one opening is provided in the housing for guiding a welding electrode for grinding in a defined position relative to the grinding wheel, further characterized by a further grinding wheel, a spacer ring having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the housing and a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the grinding wheel, and a centering sleeve with an axial length which is larger than the thickness of the grinding wheel.

Abstract: A device for processing welding electrodes with a grinding surface driven by a driving motor with a shaft, which faces the motor and runs in a housing, wherein at least one opening is provided in the housing for guiding a welding electrode for grinding in a defined position relative to the grinding wheel. The housing is releasably fixed to a motor flange for bearing the shaft, and the grinding wheel is arranged on a side of the motor flange which is remote from the motor. The motor flange is formed by a sleeve, which is adapted to be stuck onto the housing in such a way, that at least one opening extends from the circumference of the housing towards the grinding surface facing the motor.

Abstract: An assembly kit for upgrading a device for grinding welding electrodes with a grinding wheel driven by a driving motor with a shaft, which runs in a two-portion housing, wherein at least one opening is provided in the housing for guiding a welding electrode for grinding in a defined position relative to the grinding wheel, further characterized by a further grinding wheel, a spacer ring having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the housing and a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the grinding wheel, and a centering sleeve with an axial length which is larger than the thickness of the grinding wheel.

Abstract: A device for processing welding electrodes with a grinding surface driven by a driving motor with a shaft, which faces the motor and runs in a housing, wherein at least one opening is provided in the housing for guiding a welding electrode for grinding in a defined position relative to the grinding wheel. The housing is releasably fixed to a motor flange for bearing the shaft, and the grinding wheel is arranged on a side of the motor flange which is remote from the motor. The motor flange is formed by a sleeve, which is adapted to be stuck onto the housing in such a way, that at least one opening extends from the circumference of the housing towards the grinding surface facing the motor.

Abstract: A device for processing welding electrodes with a grinding wheel having a selected grain size driven by a driving motor with a shaft, which runs in a housing, wherein at least one opening is provided in the housing for guiding a welding electrode for processing in a defined position relative to the grinding wheel is characterized in that a recess adapted to the grain size of the grinding material is provided in the range provided for grinding on the surface of the grinding wheel which is coated with grinding material.

Abstract: A device for grinding welding electrodes comprises a driving motor, a shaft driven by said driving motor and a grinding wheel driven by said driving motor through said shaft, said grinding wheel having a first and a second grinding surface. A first guiding block is provided having at least one first opening, said first opening defining a position relative to said first grinding surface and said opening being adapted to guide a welding electrode for grinding into said defined position relative to said first grinding surface, and a second guiding block having at least one second opening, said second opening defining a position relative to said second grinding surface and said second opening being adapted to guide a welding electrode for grinding into said defined position relative to said second grinding surface.

Abstract: A device for grinding welding electrodes comprises a driving motor, a shaft driven by said driving motor and a grinding wheel driven by said driving motor through said shaft, said grinding wheel having a first and a second grinding surface. A first guiding block is provided having at least one first opening, said first opening defining a position relative to said first grinding surface and said opening being adapted to guide a welding electrode for grinding into said defined position relative to said first grinding surface, and a second guiding block having at least one second opening, said second opening defining a position relative to said second grinding surface and said second opening being adapted to guide a welding electrode for grinding into said defined position relative to said second grinding surface.

Abstract: A device for processing welding electrodes includes a driving motor, a shaft, a housing and a first grinding wheel rotatably mounted on the shaft. The first grinding wheel is driven by the driving motor through the shaft. The lateral openings formed in the housing and are adapted to guide the welding electrode for grinding into a defined position relative to the first grinding wheel. A second grinding wheel is provided which is also driven by the shaft.

Abstract: A device for processing welding electrodes includes a driving motor, a shaft, a housing and a first grinding wheel rotatably mounted on the shaft. The first grinding wheel is driven by the driving motor through the shaft. The lateral openings formed in the housing and are adapted to guide the welding electrode for grinding into a defined position relative to the first grinding wheel. A second grinding wheel is provided which is also driven by the shaft.

Abstract: A graphite tube for electrothermal vaporization of a sample to be investigated is held between annular contacts through which a flow can be passed lengthwise through the graphite tube. The contacts surround the graphite tube in a shell-like manner; a protective gas flow can thus be passed into a cavity which is formed between the graphite tube and the contacts. The contacts are retained in cooling blocks. The sample is introduced into the graphite tube, vaporized, and carried into the plasma by means of a carrier gas flow which is passed through the longitudinal bore of the graphite tube. The graphite tube contains a radial sample infeed opening which can be closed by a controllable closure member applied to the graphite tube.

Abstract: A tubular furnace having an inner body connecting by an integral radially extending web. The web is positioned on the side of the tubular furnace so that a sample placed in the inner body and resting in the bottom thereof will not be heated by the web. Other embodiments illustrate the web positioned at different axial locations.

Abstract: Method for analysis of samples by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy with electrothermal atomization of sample consists of the method steps: (a) introducing a liquid sample into a furnace, (b) heating the furnace up to a drying temperature for drying the sample, (c) subsequently heating the sample up to an atomizing temperature, in which a cloud of atoms develops in the furnace, in which cloud of atoms the components of the sample are present in atomic state, and (d) measurement of the atomic absorption of a measuring light beam with resonance spectral lines of an element looked for in the sample guided through the cloud of atoms. In this method (e), the vapors formed in the furnace during the heating of the furance up to the drying temperature are sucked off by a vacuum. Also, a device for carrying out this method is described.

Abstract: The manufacturing of a furnace for electro-thermal atomization of samples for spectroscopical purposes having a cavity for the accommodation of sample is simplified and improved. To this end, the furnace consists of two halves which are joined along a separating plane intersecting the cavity. The furnace is made of graphite and provided with a layer of pyrolytic graphite. A platform for the accommodation of the sample is integral with one of the halves.

Abstract: An atomic absorption spectrometer with electrothermal atomization of the sample and background compensation by use of Zeeman effect comprises a furnace (130) for the electrothermal atomization of the sample which furnace is heated transverse to the direction of propagation of the measuring light beam (18) of the atomic absorption spectrometer and a switchable solenoid (44) for generating a magnetic field at the location of the sample which magnetic field extends parallel to the direction of propagation of the measuring light beam (18) such that the longitudinal Zeeman effect is obtained with switching on the solenoid (44). The solenoid (44) has pole pieces (46,48) with aligned apertures (50,52) for the passage of the measuring light beam (18). A contact carrier (96) is arranged on the pole pieces (48,50) in which contact carrier contacts (128,176) are supported in order to hold the transversely heated furnace (130), the axes of said contacts being perpendicular to the axis of the measuring light beam (18).

Abstract: A device for electrothermal atomization of samples for spectroscopic purposes with a furnace body made of graphite, designed such that electrical current can be passed through, and a pot-shaped sample receptacle which is separated from the furnace body and projects into a lateral aperture of the furnace body comprises a driving device by which the sample receptacle is movable into and out of thermal contact with the furnace body. The driving device together with the heating current of the furnace body is controlled by a controlling device such that the sample receptacle engages the furnace body during a drying and decomposing step and thereafter, is raised from the furnace body by the driving device. Thereafter, with raised sample receptacle, the furnace body is heated to atomization temperature until a temperature stabilization is achieved and, finally, the sample receptacle is again moved into contact with the furnace body.

Abstract: A device for electrothermal atomization of a sample for spectroscopic purposes comprises a furnace (10) which is held between two contacts (54, 56). The contacts (54, 56) surround the furnace (10 ) and form a cavity (58) with an insulating gap (88) being formed between the contacts (54, 56). This gap (88) is closed by a seal (142) made of ceramic felt so that inert gas passed into the cavity (58) emerges only through a bore (14) of the furnace (10) and sample inlet ports (116, 120). Thereby, the inert gas consumption is reduced well-defined flow conditions also result for the inert gas in the cavity (58) which expands when the furnace (10) is heated.

Abstract: In an atomic absorption spectrometer, a burner 16 for atomizing a sample is movable between a first and a second position. In the first position, the "cloud of atoms" is formed in the area of the housing-fixed measuring light beam 14. In the second position, it is formed outside the measuring light beam. The measurement is made in the first position whereby the utilization of the energy of the measuring light beam is optimal. A drift compensation is made in the second position to take care of variations of the lamp intensity and of the detector sensitivity.

Abstract: An electrothermal atomization furnace for atomizing samples for analysis by atomic absorption spectoscopy comprising a tubular furnace body (36) which is provided on both sides with longitudinal contact ribs (38, 40) and cylindrical contact pieces (18, 20) integral with these contact ribs. In one embodiment, bores (49, 50, 52, 54) are provided in the contact ribs (38, 40) parallel to the furnace body (36) in order to reduce the cross-section for the current supply along the center area of the furnace body (36). These bores are intersected by transverse bores (56, 58, 60 and 62, 64, 66, respectively) and communicate with inert gas passages (68, 70) so that the bores contribute to reduce the cross-section as well as to distribute the inert gas. In another embodiment, grooves are provided in the planar surfaces instead of the bores. An equal temperature distribution along the furnace body (36) is achieved.

Abstract: An electrothermal atomization furnace comprises a tubular furnace body (10) with contact projections (12, 14) arranged on opposite sides and having contractions (56, 58) adjacent to cylindrical contact elements (24, 26) with conical contact surfaces (28, 30). A platform for receiving sample can be placed in the furnace which is only indirectly heated by the furnace. Further, curent-supplying contacts are provided for holding the furnace and through which current is passed transversely through the furnace body. The contacts form a cavity into which inert gas is introduced.

Abstract: A furnace for electrothermal atomization of samples for atomic absorption spectroscopy comprises a tubular furnace body with lateral inlet aperture and sample-holding inner body which has a hollow, generally semicylindrical shape. The inner body is located within the furnace body opposite the inlet aperture and is connected to the furnace body by a single web. In one embodiment the web is provided with axial bores and the inner surface of the sample holder has a plurality of projections forming a portion of a screw thread. In another embodiment, two hollow, generally semicylindrical bodies extend around the furnace body and thereby define a cavity and a slot. The furnace body and two hollow, generally semicylindrical bodies are interconnected by lateral webs. Electrical contacts members are provided on the semicylindrical bodies. The entire furnace is one integral graphite element.