Abstract: Embodiments relate to a method for generating a second data packet for a second network layer from a first data packet including a first header portion with information related to a first network layer higher than the second network layer. The method comprises generating, based on the first header portion, a second header portion including information related to the second network layer and generating a payload portion including the first data packet. The method further comprises generating the second data packet for the second network layer by linking the second header portion and the payload portion.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to an apparatus for a regenerative network node between a first and a second link portion. The apparatus comprises an input configured to receive, from the first link portion, a signal impaired by the first link portion, the signal including a data packet with a Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoded payload portion and a header portion. The apparatus comprises a signal regeneration unit configured to mitigate signal impairments of the first link portion to provide a regenerated FEC encoded payload portion. The apparatus comprises a processing unit configured to extract destination information in the data packet's header portion. If extracted destination information indicates that the data packet's destination is the regenerative network node, the data packet's regenerated FEC encoded payload portion is forwarded to a decoding unit of the regenerative network node. Else, the data packet's regenerated FEC encoded payload portion is forwarded to the second link portion.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to an apparatus for a regenerative network node between a first and a second link portion. The apparatus comprises an input configured to receive, from the first link portion, a signal impaired by the first link portion, the signal including a data packet with a Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoded payload portion and a header portion. The apparatus comprises a signal regeneration unit configured to mitigate signal impairments of the first link portion to provide a regenerated FEC encoded payload portion. The apparatus comprises a processing unit configured to extract destination information in the data packet's header portion. If extracted destination information indicates that the data packet's destination is the regenerative network node, the data packet's regenerated FEC encoded payload portion is forwarded to a decoding unit of the regenerative network node. Else, the data packet's regenerated FEC encoded payload portion is forwarded to the second link portion.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a method for generating a second data packet for a second network layer from a first data packet including a first header portion with information related to a first network layer higher than the second network layer. The method comprises generating, based on the first header portion, a second header portion including information related to the second network layer and generating a payload portion including the first data packet. The method further comprises generating the second data packet for the second network layer by linking the second header portion and the payload portion.

Abstract: In order to achieve a higher spectral efficiency of OFDM sub-bands, optical signals using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing are transmitted through an optical network in the form of a continuous waveband optical signal. An optical add/drop multiplexer (1) splits the continuous waveband optical signal into an express path and a drop path. A band pass filter (4) is provided in the drop path to extract a sub-band carrying at least one of said OFDM modulated optical signals (DROP). The band pass filter (4) has a filter bandwidth that covers the sub-band to be extracted. A band-stop filter (3) is provided in the express path to remove the sub-band to be extracted from the continuous waveband optical signal (IN). The band stop filter (3) has a filter bandwidth which is narrower than the band pass filter (4). An OFDM modulated optical add signal (ADD) can be added into the wavelength gap created through the band stop filter (3).

Abstract: In order to achieve a higher spectral efficiency of OFDM sub-bands, optical signals using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing are transmitted through an optical network in the form of a continuous waveband optical signal. An optical add/drop multiplexer (1) splits the continuous waveband optical signal into an express path and a drop path. A band pass filter (4) is provided in the drop path to extract a sub-band carrying at least one of said OFDM modulated optical signals (DROP). The band pass filter (4) has a filter bandwidth that covers the sub-band to be extracted. A band-stop filter (3) is provided in the express path to remove the sub-band to be extracted from the continuous waveband optical signal (IN). The band stop filter (3) has a filter bandwidth which is narrower than the band pass filter (4). An OFDM modulated optical add signal (ADD) can be added into the wavelength gap created through the band stop filter (3).