Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing bromine-containing polymer, comprising a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of tetrabromoxylylene dihalide, or tetrabromoxylylene dihalide in combination with pentabromobenzyl halide, with a reactant having one or more six-membered aromatic rings, wherein the reaction takes place in a solvent in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, and isolating from the reaction mixture the bromine-containing polymer. The so-formed polymers and their use as flame retardants form additional aspects of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing bromine-containing polymer, comprising a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of tetrabromoxylylene dihalide, or tetrabromoxylylene dihalide in combination with pentabromobenzyl halide, with a reactant having one or more six-membered aromatic rings, wherein the reaction takes place in a solvent in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, and isolating from the reaction mixture the bromine-containing polymer. The so-formed polymers and their use as flame retardants form additional aspects of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing bromine-containing polymer, comprising a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of tetrabromoxylylene dihalide, or tetrabromoxylylene dihalide in combination with pentabromobenzyl halide, with a reactant having one or more six-membered aromatic rings, wherein the reaction takes place in a solvent in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, and isolating from the reaction mixture the bromine-containing polymer. The so-formed polymers and their use as flame retardants form additional aspects of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing bromine-containing polymers, comprising a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of pentabromobenzyl halide with a polymer reactant which contains one or more six-membered aromatic ring(s) in its repeat unit, in the presence of at least one Friedel-Crafts catalyst. The so-formed bromine-containing polymers, having pendent —CH2C6Br5 groups attached to at least a portion of the six-membered aromatic rings of the polymer, with a carbon ring atom of said six-membered aromatic ring being bonded to the aliphatic carbon of said —CH2C6Br5 pendent group, are also provided. These bromine-containing polymers are useful as flame retarding agents.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing bromine-containing polymers, comprising a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of pentabromobenzyl halide with a polymer reactant which contains one or more six-membered aromatic ring(s) in its repeat unit, in the presence of at least one Friedel-Crafts catalyst. The so-formed bromine-containing polymers, having pendent —CH2C6Br5 groups attached to at least a portion of the six-membered aromatic rings of the polymer, with a carbon ring atom of said six-membered aromatic ring being bonded to the aliphatic carbon of said —CH2C6Br5 pendent group, are also provided. These bromine-containing polymers are useful as flame retarding agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula Ar(—CH2C6Br5)y, wherein Ar indicates a structure comprising one or more six-membered aromatic ring(s) and —CH2C6Br5 indicates a pentabromobenzyl group, characterized in that at least one carbon atom of said six-membered aromatic ring(s) is bonded to the benzylic carbon of said —CH2C6Br5 group, wherein y, which indicates the number of the —CH2C6Br5 groups in said compound, is not less than 1. Processes for preparing the compounds and their use as flame retardants are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing bromine-containing polymer, comprising a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of tetrabromoxylylene dihalide, or tetrabromoxylylene dihalide in combination with pentabromobenzyl halide, with a reactant having one or more six-membered aromatic rings, wherein the reaction takes place in a solvent in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, and isolating from the reaction mixture the bromine-containing polymer. The so-formed polymers and their use as flame retardants form additional aspects of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing bromine-containing polymers, comprising a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of pentabromobenzyl halide with a polymer reactant which contains one or more six-membered aromatic ring(s) in its repeat unit, in the presence of at least one Friedel-Crafts catalyst. The so-formed bromine-containing polymers, having pendent —CH2C6Br5 groups attached to at least a portion of the six-membered aromatic rings of the polymer, with a carbon ring atom of said six-membered aromatic ring being bonded to the aliphatic carbon of said —CH2C6Br5 pendent group, are also provided. These bromine-containing polymers are useful as flame retarding agents.

Abstract: A liquid flame retardant composition which comprises one or more flame retarding agents, which are the epoxides obtainable by reacting tetrabromobisphenol A with epichlorohydrin and their end-capped derivatives represented by Formula (1) is provided. The liquid composition is especially useful in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula Ar(—CH2C6Br5)y, wherein Ar indicates a structure comprising one or more six-membered aromatic ring(s) and —CH2C6Br5 indicates a pentabromobenzyl group, characterized in that at least one carbon atom of said six-membered aromatic ring(s) is bonded to the benzylic carbon of said —CH2C6Br5 group, wherein y, which indicates the number of the —CH2C6Br5 groups in said compound, is not less than 1. Processes for preparing the compounds and their use as flame retardants are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula Ar(—CH2C6Br5)y, wherein Ar indicates a structure comprising one or more six-membered aromatic ring(s) and —CH2C6Br5 indicates a pentabromobenzyl group, characterized in that at least one carbon atom of said six-membered aromatic ring(s) is bonded to the benzylic carbon of said —CH2C6Br5 group, wherein y, which indicates the number of the —CH2C6Br5 groups in said compound, is not less than 1. Processes for preparing the compounds and their use as flame retardants are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides pentabromobenzyl moiety containing hydroxy-functional compounds which are useful as flame-retardants in flexible and rigid polyurethane foams and also in rigid polyisocyanurate foams. Processes for preparing the compounds, polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams containing the compounds are also provided by the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula Ar(—CH2C6Br5)y, wherein Ar indicates a structure comprising one or more six-membered aromatic ring(s) and —CH2C6Br5 indicates a pentabromobenzyl group, characterized in that at least one carbon atom of said six-membered aromatic ring(s) is bonded to the benzylic carbon of said —CH2C6Br5 group, wherein y, which indicates the number of the —CH2C6Br5 groups in said compound, is not less than 1. Processes for preparing the compounds and their use as flame retardants are also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid flame retardant composition which comprises one or more flame retarding agents, which are the epoxides obtainable by reacting tetrabromobisphenol A with epichlorohydrin and their end-capped derivatives represented by Formula (1) is provided. The liquid composition is especially useful in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: This invention provides a one-stage process for generating a biocidal solution in situ, including a reaction between an ammonium salt and an electrolytically generated bromine oxidative species.

Abstract: A process for producing KNO3 from polyhalite to is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the process comprises steps of (a) contacting polyhalite with HNO3; (b) adding Ca(OH)2 to the solution, thereby precipitating as CaSO4 at least part of the sulfate present in said solution; (c) precipitating as Mg(OH)2 at least part of the Mg2+ remaining in said solution by further addition of Ca(OH)2 to the remaining solution; (d) concentrating the solution, thereby precipitating as a sulfate compound at least part of the sulfate remaining in solution; (e) separating at least part of the NaCl from the solution remaining; and (f) crystallizing as solid KNO3 at least part of the K+ and NO3-contained in the solution. The process enables direct conversion of polyhalite to KNO3 of purity exceeding 98.5% and that is essentially free of magnesium and sulfate impurities.

Abstract: A liquid flame retardant composition having one or more flame retarding agents, which are the epoxides obtainable by reacting tetrabromobisphenol A with epichlorohydrin and their end-capped derivatives represented by Formula (1), is provided. The liquid composition is especially useful in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A mixture suitable for use in forming a magnesium silico-phosphate cement is disclosed. The mixture comprises particles of MgO at least partially coated with an additive adapted to alter the setting time of said cement cast; a phosphate salt or acid chosen that will provide a binder product characterized by the empirical chemical formula MMgPO4.6H2O; and an aggregate phase chosen from the group containing (a) CaSiO3, (b) MgSiO3, (c) SiO2, (d) fly ash, (e) sea sand, and (f) any combination thereof. Coating the MgO particles provides better control of the alteration of the setting time and better physical properties of the set cement. Methods for making the mixture and for preparing a cement cast based on the mixture are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides pentabromobenzyl moiety containing hydroxy-functional compounds which are useful as flame-retardants in flexible and rigid polyurethane foams and also in rigid polyisocyanurate foams. Processes for preparing the compounds, polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams containing the compounds are also provided by the invention.

Abstract: A cement mix for preparation of a magnesium silico-phosphate cement (MSPC) with an altered hardening rate is provided. The cement mix comprises on the order of 1% of an [MF6]n? salt or acid. Upon addition of water, the mix produces a final set cement that has similar physical properties to those of a cement prepared from a mix lacking the additive, but with a significantly altered setting time. In some embodiments of the invention, the additive is provided in the form of a coating for the MgO component of the mix. In preferred embodiments, H2TiF6, Na2TiF6 and/or K2TiF6 are used as retarders, while K3AlF6 is used as an accelerant. Other embodiments use M?nMF6 compounds wherein M? is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or H, and M is chosen from inter alia Ti (n=2), Zr (n=2), P (n=1), Al (n=3), and Sb (n=1).