Abstract: A BCN network with BCN modems that communicate using predefined messages to establish, optimize and facilitate data communication.

Abstract: A BCN network with BCN modems that enable network wired devices to communicate over a typical home coaxial network that may include passive splitters and different types of coaxial cable.

Abstract: A physical layer transmitter that communicates between nodes in a broadband cable network by transmitting and receiving packets containing data and control information. Packets are constructed by the physical layer transmitter and transmitted to one or more receiving nodes that are capable of processing the packets. Packets are directed to specific nodes utilizing link layer control data. The packets may also contain control information that may include formatting, encoding and modulation parameters that are capable of being processed by the appropriate receiving nodes. The physical layer transmitter allows node-to-node communication within a broadband cable network and each node in the network is capable of communicating with every other node in the network.

Abstract: A BCN network with BCN modems that communicate using predefined messages to establish, optimize and facilitate data communication.

Abstract: A BCN network with BCN modems that communicate using predefined messages to establish, optimize and facilitate data communication.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage system for storing hydrogen gas at elevated pressures and cryogenic temperatures is disclosed. The hydrogen gas is fed to a storage container which contains a physisorption type material and a volatile liquid container for liquid nitrogen. Cryogenic conditions are maintained within the storage container during the periods of storage and the periods where the hydrogen gas is removed from the storage system.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method and apparatus for controlling the operating pressure of a Reverse Brayton type refrigeration device 70 for the purposes of regulating cooling capacity and coolant inventory control.

Abstract: An apparatus for storing gases such as hydrogen gas at cryogenic temperatures. The hydrogen gas is stored in a storage vessel at cryogenic temperatures and those cryogenic temperatures are sustained by a heat exchanger apparatus which provides nearly uniform distribution of a volatile liquid throughout the hydrogen gas being stored.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage system for storing hydrogen gas at elevated pressures and cryogenic temperatures is disclosed. The hydrogen gas is fed to a storage container which contains a physisorption type material and a volatile liquid container for liquid nitrogen. Cryogenic conditions are maintained within the storage container during the periods of storage and the periods where the hydrogen gas is removed from the storage system.

Abstract: A multi-bath apparatus and method for cooling a superconductor includes both a cooling bath comprising a first cryogen and a shield bath comprising a second cryogen. The cooling bath surrounds the superconductor, and the shield bath surrounds the cooling bath. The cooling bath is maintained at a first pressure and subcooled, while the shield bath is maintained at a second pressure and saturated. The cooling bath and the shield bath are in a thermal relationship with one another, and the first pressure is greater the second pressure. Preferably, the cryogens are liquid nitrogen, and the superconductor is a high temperature superconductor, such as a current limiter. Following a thermal disruption to the superconductor, the first pressure is restored to the cooling bath and the second pressure is restored to the shield bath in order to restore the superconductor to a superconductive state.

Abstract: A method for authentication of a first client in communication with a second client via an authentication server is disclosed, such that the first client and the second client are authenticated to each other, and the authentication server is authenticated to both the first client and the second client. The ability of a client and an authentication server to generate a one-time-use key unique to the client for a given request, is used as the basis for authentication. The flow of requests and responses coupled with each client's unique one-time-use key, such as a one time use account number used to encrypt messages, results in all three entities, the two clients and the authentication server, mutually authenticating each other. The method effectively prohibits a “man-in-the-middle” attack, wherein an unauthorized entity tries to assume the roll of one of the two clients, or the authentication server.

Abstract: A multi-bath apparatus and method for cooling a superconductor includes both a cooling bath comprising a first cryogen and a shield bath comprising a second cryogen. The cooling bath surrounds the superconductor, and the shield bath surrounds the cooling bath. The cooling bath is maintained at a first pressure and subcooled, while the shield bath is maintained at a second pressure and saturated. The cooling bath and the shield bath are in a thermal relationship with one another, and the first pressure is greater the second pressure. Preferably, the cryogens are liquid nitrogen, and the superconductor is a high temperature superconductor, such as a current limiter. Following a thermal disruption to the superconductor, the first pressure is restored to the cooling bath and the second pressure is restored to the shield bath in order to restore the superconductor to a superconductive state.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a high pressure fluid from a low pressure gas source, includes a low pressure gas source for supplying a low pressure gas, a vessel for receiving the low pressure gas, cooling means for cooling the low pressure gas within the vessel to a condensation temperature sufficient to condense a desired portion of the low pressure gas into a liquid and for maintaining the temperature of the liquid during pressurization thereof; pressurizing means for pressurizing the liquid to yield a high pressure liquid, and optionally, treating means for treating the high pressure liquid to form a corresponding high pressure gas. The present invention is further directed to methods of generating a high pressure fluid.

Abstract: Backup refrigeration is provided to a cryogenic refrigeration system comprising multiple cooling loops using a single backup coolant storage vessel. The backup coolant storage vessel is in fluid communication with at least one of the cooling loops, and the cooling loops are in fluid communication with each other. Each cooling loop, in turn, is in fluid communication with a refrigeration unit. In the event of lost coolant from one of the loops, coolant, e.g., liquid nitrogen, is transferred from the other loops to the loop that lost coolant, and the backup coolant storage vessel releases backup coolant into the system.

Abstract: A vacuum pumping system comprises a first gas supply for supplying a first gas, such as xenon, to a vacuum chamber. A pump receives the gas output from the chamber. A second gas supply supplies a purge gas, such as nitrogen or helium, for pumping with the first gas. A gas separator receives the pumped gases exhausted by the pump, and recovers the first gas and the purge gas from the stream. The recovered first gas is recirculated through the vacuum chamber, and the recovered second gas is recirculated through at least the pump.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing liquid or solid xenon comprises a duct 12 having an inlet 14 for receiving gaseous xenon and an outlet 16 for outputting gaseous xenon at a reduced temperature to a nozzle located in a vacuum chamber 60. A housing 18 extends about the duct and contains a halocarbon coolant in thermal contact with the duct, and a second duct 24 in thermal contact with the halocarbon coolant for conveying a flow of liquid nitrogen through the housing 18 to control the temperature of the halocarbon. In view of the difference in the pressure of the xenon gas output from the duct and the pressure in the chamber, the thus-cooled gas is caused to liquefy or solidify in the vicinity of the nozzle.

Abstract: A method of forming a textured surface in a sheet of photographic paper by washing the paper for a predetermined period of time, repeatedly cockling the sheet to form a plurality of randomly placed ridges and valleys in the paper, drying the paper, and compressing the paper in a press.