Abstract: A windage tray for an engine including a first body having a first coupling feature by which the first body is adapted to be coupled to an engine block. The first body having a second coupling feature by which the first body is adapted to be coupled to a bearing cap. The first body having a third coupling feature by which the first body is adapted to be coupled to a balance shaft module.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions (EVAP) control system for a vehicle includes a purge pump configured to pump fuel vapor to an engine of the vehicle via a vapor line and a purge valve. The system includes a hydrocarbon (HC) sensor disposed in the vapor line and configured to measure an amount of HC in the fuel vapor pumped by the purge pump to the engine via the vapor line. A controller is configured to: detect an imminent cold start of the engine and, in response to the detecting, perform the cold start of the engine by controlling at least one of the purge pump and the purge valve, based on the measured amount of HC, to deliver a desired amount of fuel vapor to the engine, which decreases HC emissions by the engine.

Abstract: A vapor canister of an evaporative emissions (EVAP) system is configured to store fuel vapor evaporated from a liquid fuel housed in a fuel tank of a vehicle. A boost line is connected between a high-pressure side of a boost system of an engine and the vapor canister, a boost pressure control valve is disposed in-line along the boost line and configured to control an amount of boost pressure provided to the vapor canister, and a set of purge lines are connected between the vapor canister and at least one of the engine, an induction system of the engine, and an exhaust treatment system of the engine. A controller is configured to control the boost pressure control valve to control the boost pressure provided to the vapor canister to control an amount of fuel vapor forced from the vapor canister through at least one of the set of purge lines.

Abstract: A vapor canister of an evaporative emissions (EVAP) system is configured to store fuel vapor evaporated from a liquid fuel housed in a fuel tank of a vehicle. A boost line is connected between a high-pressure side of a boost system of an engine and the vapor canister, a boost pressure control valve is disposed in-line along the boost line and configured to control an amount of boost pressure provided to the vapor canister, and a set of purge lines are connected between the vapor canister and at least one of the engine, an induction system of the engine, and an exhaust treatment system of the engine. A controller is configured to control the boost pressure control valve to control the boost pressure provided to the vapor canister to control an amount of fuel vapor forced from the vapor canister through at least one of the set of purge lines.

Abstract: A diagnostic method and system includes a control valve configured to control an amount of air drawn into an evaporative emissions (EVAP) system through an air filter and a vapor canister, and a pressure sensor configured to measure pressure in the EVAP system. The system also includes a controller configured to detect an engine idle-to-off transition and, in response to detecting the engine idle-to-off transition: receive a first pressure from the pressure sensor, fully open a purge valve connected between the vapor canister and an intake port of an engine, fully close the control valve, monitor one or more second pressures received from the pressure sensor, and detect a malfunction of the EVAP system based on the first pressure, at least one of the one or more second pressures, and a diagnostic threshold.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions (EVAP) control system for a vehicle includes a purge pump configured to pump fuel vapor trapped in a vapor canister to an engine of the vehicle via a vapor line when engine vacuum is less than an appropriate level for delivering fuel vapor to the engine, the fuel vapor resulting from evaporation of a liquid fuel stored in a fuel tank of the engine. The EVAP control system includes a hydrocarbon (HC) sensor disposed in the vapor line and configured to measure an amount of HC in the fuel vapor pumped by the purge pump to the engine via the vapor line. The EVAP control system also includes a controller configured to, based on the measured amount of MC, control at least one of the purge pump and a purge valve to deliver a desired amount of fuel vapor to the engine.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions (EVAP) control system for a vehicle includes a purge pump configured to pump fuel vapor to an engine of the vehicle via a vapor line and a purge valve. The system includes a hydrocarbon (HC) sensor disposed in the vapor line and configured to measure an amount of HC in the fuel vapor pumped by the purge pump to the engine via the vapor line. A controller is configured to: detect an imminent cold start of the engine and, in response to the detecting, perform the cold start of the engine by controlling at least one of the purge pump and the purge valve, based on the measured amount of HC, to deliver a desired amount of fuel vapor to the engine, which decreases HC emissions by the engine.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions (EVAP) control system for a vehicle includes a purge pump configured to pump fuel vapor trapped in a vapor canister to an engine of the vehicle via a vapor line when engine vacuum is less than an appropriate level for delivering fuel vapor to the engine, the fuel vapor resulting from evaporation of a liquid fuel stored in a fuel tank of the engine. The EVAP control system includes a hydrocarbon (HC) sensor disposed in the vapor line and configured to measure an amount of HC in the fuel vapor pumped by the purge pump to the engine via the vapor line. The EVAP control system also includes a controller configured to, based on the measured amount of HC, control at least one of the purge pump and a purge valve to deliver a desired amount of fuel vapor to the engine.

Abstract: A diagnostic method and system includes a control valve configured to control an amount of air drawn into an evaporative emissions (EVAP) system through an air filter and a vapor canister, and a pressure sensor configured to measure pressure in the EVAP system. The system also includes a controller configured to detect an engine idle-to-off transition and, in response to detecting the engine idle-to-off transition: receive a first pressure from the pressure sensor, fully open a purge valve connected between the vapor canister and an intake port of an engine, fully close the control valve, monitor one or more second pressures received from the pressure sensor, and detect a malfunction of the EVAP system based on the first pressure, at least one of the one or more second pressures, and a diagnostic threshold.

Abstract: An embodiment of a protection system for an object includes first and second sensors and a processor coupled to the sensors. The sensors are mountable to a side of the object a predetermined distance apart, and each sensor is operable to detect a respective angle between the sensor and a location from which a projectile is fired toward the side. The processor is operable to determine from the detected angles whether the firing location is aligned with the object. If the firing location is aligned with the object, then the processor is operable to calculate from the detected angles and the predetermined distance a time window during which the processor estimates that the projectile will strike the object, and is operable to cause a protection unit to defend against the projectile for the duration of the time window. Such a protection system may be less expensive to acquire, install, or operate than prior protection systems, and may expand defenses more efficiently than prior protection systems.

Abstract: A method and system to rapidly, passively, range and track maneuvering airborne emitters (enemy targets and threats) for tactical fighters using batch based recursive estimators for track initialization and track maintenance that includes providing information processing that has angle and signal amplitude data, threat database, and feedback from pilot cue analysis. The system includes pilot cue analysis which computes airborne emitter (target and threat) heading and corresponding accuracy to determine if sufficient accuracy is available to present the pilot with proper pilot cue options. The first stage is a range bank also called a compound parallel hypothesis evaluator and the second stage is an interactive multi-model. Both stages provide for the output of the algorithm to be a range measurement and an associated confidence factor. The algorithm inputs azimuth angle elevation angle and range and is capable of inputting data from three different data pre-processors (i.e., sensor data fusion).

Abstract: A method of determining the quality of subsystems of an electronic engine control system is provided. The method monitors an engine parameter representative of a subsystem of interest and compares the parameter to at least one quality limit. The at least one quality limit represents an acceptable performance boundary for a fully functional engine control system. The method then indicates, based on the result of the comparison, whether the subsystem is of satisfactory quality. The method is arranged, without limitation, to determining the quality of start time, start flare, idle control during transmission shift, and speed control.

Abstract: A method of determining the quality of subsystems of an electronic engine control system is provided. The method monitors an engine parameter representative of a subsystem of interest and compares the parameter to at least one quality limit. The at least one quality limit represents an acceptable performance boundary for a fully functional engine control system. The method then indicates, based on the result of the comparison, whether the subsystem is of satisfactory quality. The method is arranged, without limitation, to determining the quality of start time, start flare, idle control during transmission shift, and speed control.

Abstract: An adaptive closed loop fuel control system generates an index of maturity value which indicates the extent to which parameters which characterize an individual engine have been learned and stored for future use in a non-volatile memory. A timer produces the index of maturity value by measuring the elapsed time during which the fuel control system has successfully operated the engine at or near stoichiometry within a predetermined range of engine speed and load conditions. A backup mechanism counts the number of HEGO sensor state changes as the closed loop controller operates in an adaptive mode, setting the index of maturity to a predetermined value even when the measured adaptation time fails to indicate an adequate amount of adaptive operation.

Abstract: An electronic ignition timing system which cooperates with an adaptive closed loop fuel control system to provide more rapid heating of an exhaust catalyst by retarding the ignition tinning during colds starts only after an index of maturity value has been generated to indicate that fuel control parameters which characterize an individual engine have been adaptively learned and are available to operate the engine with a lean mixture during cold idling conditions. The index of maturity value alters the mode of operation of the fuel control mechanism to provide robust rich operation prior to adaptation and a more aggressive lean mode operation after the adaptive parameters have been developed which permit optimized operation, and alters the ignition timing to retard the spark to more rapidly heat the exhaust catalyst.