Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of polymer fibers from polymers dissolved in ionic liquids by means of an air gap spinning process, characterized in that a) a spinning solution that contains an ionic liquid and a dissolved polymer is produced; b) said spinning solution is guided through an extruder before it is divided into fibers via a die; and c) the obtained fibers are guided via an air gap through a coagulation bath.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of polymer fibers from polymers dissolved in ionic liquids by means of an air gap spinning process, characterized in that a) a spinning solution that contains an ionic liquid and a dissolved polymer is produced; b) said spinning solution is guided through an extruder before it is divided into fibers via a die; and c) the obtained fibers are guided via an air gap through a coagulation bath.

Abstract: Many factors contribute to dogs' superior olfactory capabilities as compared to humans. Studies explored this aspect at the cellular and behavior levels; however, the cognitive-level neural substrates linking them have never been explored. Since sedated dogs cannot sniff, the present application illustrates the cognitive-level linking neural substrate using fMRI of conscious dogs. The head motion of the canine is accounted for by behavioral training and optical motion tracking. The olfactory bulb is commonly activated in both awake and anesthetized dogs, while parietal and frontal structures are activated only in the former and subcortical structures only in the latter. Comparison of low and high odor intensity shows differences in both the strength and spatial extent of activation in higher cognitive structures. Unlike humans, neural structures even at the top of the cognitive hierarchy are modulated by odor concentration in dogs.

Abstract: A method for producing films, fibers, and moldings of a polybenzazole polymer (P) by reacting at temperatures of 0 to 120° C. a mixture including (a) aromatic dicarboxylic compound(s) (I): wherein Ar1 is optionally substituted phenylene, naphthalenediyl, anthracenediyl, biphenyldiyl, diphenylmethanediyl, diphenyl ether diyl, diphenyl thio ether diyl, diphenyl sulfone diyl, benzophenonediyl, pyridinediyl, pyrimidinediyl, furandiyl, or thiophenediyl, substituents being —F, —Cl, —Br, —OR1, and —C1-C10-alkyl, R1 being —H or —C1-C10-alkyl; X1 and X2 are independently-OR2, —F, —Cl, or —Br, R2 being —H, —C1-C10-alkyl, —C1-C10-alkenyl or a repeating unit (a): wherein m is a natural number from 1 to 50, and R3 is —H, C1-C10-alkyl, or C1-C10-alkenyl; (b) aromatic diamino compound(s) of formula (IIa), (IIb), (IIc) and/or (IId); (c) at least one ionic liquid (IL), to obtain a product, processing the product at temperatures 0 to 100° C. and heating of the articles obtained at temperatures of 250 to 500° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of polymer fibers from polymers dissolved in ionic liquids by means of an air gap spinning process, characterized in that a) a spinning solution that contains an ionic liquid and a dissolved polymer is produced; b) said spinning solution is guided through an extruder before it is divided into fibers via a die; and c) the obtained fibers are guided via an air gap through a coagulation bath.

Abstract: A method of producing carbon fibers from cellulose fibers comprises bringing cellulose fibers having a water content of more than 20 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of cellulose fiber into contact with a solution of additives and thereafter converting the additized cellulose fibers comprising not less than 1 part by weight of additives per 100 parts by weight of cellulose into carbon fibers.

Abstract: Many factors contribute to dogs superior olfactory capabilities as compared to humans. Studies explored this aspect at the cellular and behavior levels; however, the cognitive-level neural substrates linking them have never been explored. Since sedated dogs cannot sniff, the present application illustrates the cognitive-level linking neural substrate using fMRI of conscious dogs. The head motion of the canine is accounted for by behavioral training and optical motion tracking. The olfactory bulb is commonly activated in both awake and anesthetized dogs, while parietal and frontal structures are activated only in the former and subcortical structures only in the latter. Comparison of low and high odor intensity shows differences in both the strength and spatial extent of activation in higher cognitive structures. Unlike humans, neural structures even at the top of the cognitive hierarchy are modulated by odor concentration in dogs.

Abstract: A network of intelligent distributed controls adapted to appear to a programmer as a single virtual device for controlling a system having a pool of all of the inputs and outputs of the various intelligent distributed controllers in the network.