Abstract: A granular flux suitable for submerged arc electric welding comprising particles of composite fluxing ingredients of the agglomerated or fused type combined with a halogenated polymer as a reducing agent for diffusible hydrogen in the resulting weld metal and a method of making this granular flux wherein the polymer is mixed with the flux particles and then heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the polymer and below the vaporization temperature of the polymer.

Abstract: An agglomerated submerged arc welding flux which offers the advantages of an agglomerated flux, namely lower cost, increased impact strength, greater formulation flexibility and operator appeal while, in other respects, performing like a fused flux, namely providing: high speed; high penetration; and low bead profile characteristics. The flux contains relatively large amounts of calcium oxide and titanium dioxide as essential ingredients together with other known fluxing ingredients in lesser amounts.

Abstract: An agglomerated submerged arc welding flux which results in low weld metal oxygen and the concomitant high impact values while retaining the good welding characteristics of the lower basicity (acid) fluxes such as welding at higher speeds on various joint configurations with less undercutting and slag entrapment along with good slag removal. The flux contains high percentages of calcium fluoride and aluminum oxide in combination with other ingredients having a limited amount of available oxygen and sufficient acid components to lower the basicity index of the flux below 1.25. Additionally, no potent deoxidizers such as magnesium, titanium or aluminum are required.

Abstract: A cored type welding electrode which enables good penetration, has an improved range of welding voltages, produces low smoke and provides a weld deposit having good impact properties. The flux contains larger than normal quantities of basic oxides, controlled maximum amounts of acidic or amphoteric oxides and deoxidizers, and a very carefully controlled maximum and minimum amount of combined fluorine in the form of a fluoride.