Abstract: A process is described for producing a coupled polymer by anionically polymerizing monomers selected from the group consisting of a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, a conjugated diene or both with an organo alkali metal compound to produce living polymer arms which are then contacted with a fullerene which reacts with the living polymer arms to form a coupled polymer. The coupled polymer has a novel composition and novel characteristics.

Abstract: This is a process for the partial hydrogenation of conjugated diolefin polymers which comprises polymerizing at least one conjugated diolefin with an organo alkali metal polymerization initiator in a suitable solvent thereby creating a living polymer comprising (1) ethylenic unsaturation between backbone carbons wherein at least one of the doubly bound backbone carbons is substituted and (2) ethylenic unsaturation which is not between doubly bound backbone carbons wherein at least one is substituted, terminating the polymerization, and effecting selective hydrogenation of the ethylenic unsaturation in the conjugated diolefin units of the terminated polymer which is not between doubly bound backbone carbons wherein at least one is substituted, by contacting the polymer with hydrogen in the presence of no more than 0.02 mM of catalyst per gram of polymer of a bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium catalyst.

Abstract: A method for preparing asymmetric radial polymers wherein the different polymeric arms are contacted sequentially with a nonpolymerizable coupling agent. Contacting of the final step in the process, which frequently but not necessarily always will be the second step in the process, will be carried out in the presence of a polar compound suitable for increasing the amount of vinyl content in a conjugated diolefin polymer during polymerization thereof. The method used narrows the relative arm distribution of the several asymmetric radial polymers produced and significantly increases the amount of total product having the desired ratio of polymeric arms and accomplishes this objective in relatively short reaction time.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by combining a Group VIIIA metal compound and a hydrocarbyl-substituted silicon alumoxane and a hydrogenation process wherein said catalyst is used to hydrogenate compounds containing ethylenic and/or aromatic unsaturation. The Group VIIIA metal compound is selected from the group of compounds consisting of carboxylate, chelates, alkoxides, salts of hydrocarbon acids containing sulfur and salts of partial half esters of hydrocarbyl acids containing sulfur. Nickel, cobalt and palladium compounds are particularly preferred for use in the hydrogenation catalyst. Hydrogenation catalysts prepared with hydrocarbyl-substituted silicon slumoxanes initially exhibit less hydrogenation activity than catalyst known heretofore in the prior art and prepared with a metal alkyl of a metal selected from Groups I, II and III. These catalysts, then, afford greater control over the extent of hydrogenation, particularly when partial hydrogenation is a desired end result.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by combining a Group VIIIA metal compound and an alkylalumoxane and a hydrogenation process wherein said catalyst is used to hydrogenate compounds or materials containing ethylenic and/or aromatic unsaturation. The Group VIIIA metal compound is selected from the group of compounds consisting of carboxylates, chelates, alkoxides, salts of acids containing sulfur, salts of partial half esters of acids containing sulfur and salts of aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic acids. Nickel and cobalt compounds are preferred for use in preparing the hydrogenation catalyst. Hydrogenation catalysts prepared with methylalumoxane initially exhibit less hydrogenation activity than catalysts known heretofore in the prior art and prepared with a metal alkyl of a metal selected from Groups I, II and III. These catalysts, then, permit or enable greater control over the extent of hydrogenation, particularly when partial hydrogenation is a desired end result.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by combining one or more Group VIII metal compounds with one or more alkylalumoxanes and one or more alkyls or hydrides of a metal selected from the group consisting of the Group Ia, IIa, and IIa metals and a hyrogenation process wherein said catalyst is used to hydrogenate compounds containing ethylenic and/or aromatic unsaturation. Preferably, the one or more Group VIII metal compounds will be contacted sequentially with the one or more alkylalumoxanes and the one or more alkyls or hydrides, first with the one or more alkylalumoxanes and then with one or more alkyls and/or hydrides. The one or more Group VIII metal compounds is selected from the group of compounds consisting of carboxylates, chelates, alkoxides, salts of acids containing sulfur, salts of partial esters of acids containing sulfur and salts of aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic acids. Nickel and cobalt compounds are preferred for use in the hydrogenation catalysts.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by combining a Group VIIIA metal compound and a hydrocarbyl-substituted silicon alumoxane and a hydrogenation process wherein said catalyst is used to hydrogenate compounds containing ethylenic and/or aromatic unsaturation. The Group VIIIA metal compound is selected from the group of compounds consisting of carboxylates, chelates, alkoxides, salts of hydrocarbon acids containing sulfur and salts of partial half esters of hydrocarbyl acids containing sulfur. Nickel, cobalt and palladium compounds are particularly preferred for use in the hydrogenation catalyst. Hydrogenation catalysts prepared with hydrocarbyl-substituted silicon slumoxanes initially exhibit less hydrogenation activity than catalysts known heretofore in the prior art and prepared with a metal alkyl of a metal selected from Groups, I, II and III. These catalysts, then afford greater control over the extent of hydrogenation, particularly when partial hydrogenation is a desired end result.

Abstract: A method for selectively hydrogenating a polymer containing monomer units from at least two different conjugated diolefins, one of which conjugated diolefins is more substituted at the 2, 3 and/or 4 carbon atoms than is the other. The selective hydrogenation can be accomplished with selective hydrogenation catalysts known in the prior art at selected conditions such that ethylenic unsaturation incorporated into the polymer from the lesser substituted conjugated diolefin is hydrogenated while at least a portion of the ethylenic unsaturation incorporated into the polymer by the more substituted conjugated diolefin remains unsaturated. The polymer containing monomer units from at least two different conjugated diolefins may also contain one or more other monomers, particularly monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers. The hydrogenated polymer may be random, tapered or block.

Abstract: A method for separating metal residues from a polymer wherein a solution or suspension of said polymer is contacted with an aqueous solution containing one or more inorganic acids in the presence of a monocarboxylic acid containing from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms. The polymer solution or suspension will be contacted with an oxidizing agent either prior to or simultaneously with the contacting with the aqueous inorganic acid solution. The inorganic acid is, preferably, a mineral acid and the monocarboxylic acid is preferably a branched chain alkanoic acid having from about 6 to about 10 carbon atoms. When a monocarboxylic acid is used in combination with the inorganic acid, the amount of metal removed from the polymer is increased and the amount of the aqueous phase containing ionized metal entrained in the organic phase is sugnificantly reduced.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by combining one or more Group VIII metal compounds with one or more alkylalumoxanes and one or more alkyls or hydrides of a metal selected from the group consisting of the Group Ia, IIa, and IIa metals and a hydrogenation process wherein said catalyst is used to hydrogenate compounds containing ethylenic and/or aromatic unsaturation. Preferably, the one or more Group VIII metal compounds will be contacted sequentially with the one or more alkylalumoxanes and the one or more alkyls or hydrides, first with the one or more alkylalumoxanes and then with the one or more alkyls and/or hydrides. The one or more Group VIII metal compounds is selected from the group of compounds consisting of carboxylates, chelates, alkoxides, salts of acids containing sulfur, salts of partial esters of acids containing sulfur and salts of aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic acids. Nickel and cobalt compounds are preferred for use in the hydrogenation catalysts.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst composition prepared by reacting in a hydrocarbon solvent a molybdenum or tungsten halide with diethylaluminumtriethylsilaneolate. Preferably the halide is tungsten hexachloride. The instant compositions are particularly useful for the alkylation of benzene and lower-alkyl benzenes with detergent range olefins.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst composition prepared by reacting in a hydrocarbon solvent a molybdenum or tungsten halide with siloxyalane selected from [(CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2).sub.2 AlO].sub.2 SiR.sub.2 and (R'.sub.3 SiO).sub.2 AlCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 wherein R and R' are aryl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl. Preferably the halide is tungsten hexachloride, R is phenyl and R' is ethyl. The instant compositions are particularly useful as olefin disproportionation catalysts.

Abstract: A process for selectively hydrogenating a polymer containing ethylenic unsaturation and cyano groups with a catalyst prepared by combining one or more of certain palladium compounds and one or more of certain aluminum compounds in a suitable solvent or diluent. The hydrogenation is accomplished in a suitable solvent for the polymer at a temperature within the range from about 20.degree. C. to about 175.degree. C. at a total pressure within the range from about 50 to about 1,000 psig and at a hydrogen partial pressure within the range from about 50 to about 950 psig. The hydrogenation can be accomplished so as to convert at least about 85% of the ethylenic unsaturation contained initially in the polymer without converting a significant portion of the cyano groups to amine groups. Best results are achieved when the catalyst is prepared by combining the one or more palladium compounds and the one or more aluminum compounds in proportions such that the Al:Pd atomic ratio is within the range from about 0.

Abstract: A method for selectively hydrogenating a polymer containing monomer units from at least two different conjugated diolefins, one of which conjugated diolefins is more substituted at the 2, 3 and/or 4 carbon atoms than is the other. The selective hydrogenation can be accomplished with selective hydrogenation catalysts known in the prior art at selected conditions such that ethylenic unsaturation incorporated into the polymer from the lesser substituted conjugated diolefin is hydrogenated while at least a portion of the ethylenic unsaturation incorporated into the polymer by the more substituted conjugated diolefin remains unsaturated. The polymer containing monomer units from at least two different conjugated diolefins may also contain one or more other monomers, particularly monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers. The hydrogenated polymer may be random, tapered or block.

Abstract: A process for selectively hydrogenating a polymer containing ethylenic unsaturation and cyano groups with a catalyst prepared by combining one or more of certain palladium compounds and one or more of alkylalumoxanes in a suitable solvent or diluent. The hydrogenation is accomplished in a suitable solvent for the polymer at a temperature within the range from about 20.degree. C. to about 175.degree. C. at a total pressure within the range from about 50 to about 1,000 psig and at a hydrogen partial pressure within the range from about 50 to about 950 psig. The hydrogenation can be accomplished so as to convert at least about 85% of the ethylenic unsaturation contained initially in the polymer without converting a significant portion (less than about 5%) of the cyano groups to amine groups.

Abstract: A method is provided for separating metal catalyst contaminants from organic polymers, typically polymers derived from dienes and/or vinyl arenes, by treatment with a dicarboxylic acid and an oxidant which forms an insoluble metal compound, then separating the insoluble compound to remove the contaminating metal.

Abstract: A process for preparing a supported molybdenum carbide composition which comprises impregnating a porous support with a solution of molybdic acid dissolved in aqueous ammonium hydroxide, drying the impregnated support and then heating in a carbiding atmosphere at a temperature of about 650.degree.-750.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for preparing a supported tungsten carbide composition which comprises first forming a supported tungsten oxide composition, converting the oxide to the nitride by heating in an ammonia atmosphere, and then converting the nitride to the carbide by heating in a carbiding atmosphere.

Abstract: A process for preparing a supported molybdenum carbide composition which comprises impregnating a porous support with a solution of hexamolybdenum dodecachloride, drying the impregnated support and then heating in a carbiding atmosphere at a temperature of about 650.degree.-750.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel compositions are prepared by impregnating inert supports with H.sub.4 Mo(CN).sub.8 and/or H.sub.4 W(CN).sub.8 and subsequently activating by heating in an inert environment at about 400.degree.-600.degree. C. The materials, particularly when supported on aluminous or siliceous supports, are useful as catalysts for simultaneously isomerizing and disproportionating olefins.