Abstract: A system including a relational Merkle tree data store including a child node and an additional child node. The child node has a linked parent node of a first Merkle tree, the linked parent node is tagged with a hash of the child node, and the child node and the additional child node are each tagged with an inverse hash of the linked parent node prior to the relational Merkle tree data store receiving a request for a product history of a product. The inverse hash is exclusively a cryptographic hash of the linked parent node, The inverse hash is used to perform a bi-directional traversal of the relational Merkle tree data store to retrieve the product history for the request. The relational Merkle tree data store includes the product history of the product.

Abstract: A product authentication management system is described. The system comprising at least one relational Merkle tree data store, wherein the relational Merkle tree data store comprising at least one child node, the child node having a linked parent node, the parent node is tagged with a hash of the child node, and child node is tagged with an inverse hash of the parent node.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for ameliorating or managing nonsense mutation mediated Duchenne muscular dystrophy (nmDMD) in a pediatric patient in need thereof comprising, administering an effective amount of ataluren to the patient.

Abstract: A product authentication management system is described. The system comprising at least one relational Merkle tree data store, wherein the relational Merkle tree data store comprising at least one child node, the child node having a linked parent node, the parent node is tagged with a hash of the child node, and child node is tagged with an inverse hash of the parent node.