Abstract: A field emission display having an improved operational life. In one embodiment of the present invention, the field emission display comprises a plurality of row lines, a plurality of column lines, and a plurality of electron emissive elements disposed at intersections of the plurality of row lines and column lines, a column driver circuit, and a row driver circuit. The column driver circuit is coupled to drive column voltage signals over the plurality of column lines; and, the row driver circuit is coupled to activate and deactivate the plurality of row lines with row voltage signals. Significantly, according to the present invention, operational life of the field emission display is substantially extended when the electron emissive elements are intermittently reverse-biased by the column voltage signals and the row voltage signals. In another embodiment, the row driver circuit is responsive to a SLEEP signal.

Abstract: A circuit and method for time multiplexing a voltage signal for controlling the color balance of a flat panel display. Within an FED screen, a matrix of rows and columns is provided and emitters are situated within each row-column intersection. Rows are sequentially activated during “row on-time windows” by row drivers and corresponding individual gray scale information (voltages) are driven over the columns by column drivers. When the proper voltage is applied across the cathode and anode of the emitters, electrons are released toward a phosphor spot, e.g., red, green, blue, causing illumination. Within each column driver, the present invention provides selection circuitry for driving a first voltage signal during a first part of the row on-time window and a second voltage during a second part of the row on-time window. The lengths of the first part and second part of the row on-time window can be adjusted for a given color, to adjust the color balance with respect to that color, e.g.

Abstract: A field emission display of uniform brightness across the entire display screen. The field emission display according to the present invention includes row lines, column lines, and electron-emissive elements disposed at intersections of the row lines and column lines. The field emission display according to the present invention further includes row drivers coupled to selectively activate the row lines one row at a time and column drivers coupled to drive column voltages over the column lines. According to the present invention, the column voltages are derived from gray-scale data and a compensating voltage signal that represents a row position of the currently activated row line. In one embodiment of the present invention, the farther the currently activated row line is away from the driven ends of the column lines, the higher is the compensating voltage.

Abstract: A circuit and method for controlling the brightness of a display screen implemented using a flat panel field emission display (FED) screen. Within the FED screen, a matrix of rows and columns is provided and emitters are situated within each row-column intersection. Rows are activated sequentially and separate gray scale information is presented to the columns. When the proper voltage is applied across the cathode and anode of the emitters, they release electrons toward a phosphor spot, e.g., red, green, blue, causing an illumination point. The present invention includes brightness control circuitry positioned across the row drivers for altering row on-time of the applied voltage to the rows causing a uniform change in brightness cross the FED screen. The applied voltage is pulse width modulated to alter the brightness of the FED screen.

Abstract: A field emission display having an improved operational life. In one embodiment of the present invention, the field emission display comprises a plurality of row lines, a plurality of column lines, and a plurality of electron emissive elements disposed at intersections of the plurality of row lines and column lines, a column driver circuit, and a row driver circuit. The column driver circuit is coupled to drive column voltage signals over the plurality of column lines; and, the row driver circuit is coupled to activate and deactivate the plurality of row lines with row voltage signals. Significantly, according to the present invention, operational life of the field emission display is substantially extended when the electron emissive elements are intermittently reverse-biased by the column voltage signals and the row voltage signals. In another embodiment, the row driver circuit is responsive to a SLEEP signal.

Abstract: A SONET planning tool is provided for generating optimized SONET rings based on an existing SONET system capacity and anticipated system demand at minimal cost. The planning tool includes an analytical process that accurately models and utilizes embedded systems, linear chains, unidirectional rings, and bi-directional rings based on existing capabilities. In addition, large forecasted demands can be preprocessed with dedicated two-node rings, and multi-period studies can be generated.

Abstract: A circuit and method for controlling the brightness of a display screen implemented using a flat panel field emission display (FED) screen. Within the FED screen, a matrix of rows and columns is provided and emitters are situated within each row-column intersection. Rows are activated sequentially and separate gray scale information is presented to the columns. When the proper voltage is applied across the cathode and anode of the emitters, they release electrons toward a phosphor spot, e.g., red, green, blue, causing an illumination point. The present invention includes brightness control circuitry positioned across the row drivers for altering the applied voltage to the rows causing a change in brightness cross the FED screen. The applied voltage can be pulse width modulated or amplitude modulated to alter the brightness of the FED screen. Because the relative column voltages remain constant within the present invention, gray scale resolution is not compromised as brightness is altered.

Abstract: A circuit and method for controlling the brightness of a display screen implemented using a field emission display (FED) screen. Within the FED screen, a matrix of rows and columns is provided and emitters are situated within each row-column intersection. Rows are activated sequentially and separate gray scale information (voltages) is presented to the columns. When the proper voltage is applied across the cathode and anode of the emitters, they release electrons toward a phosphor spot, e.g., red, green, blue, causing an illumination point. The present invention includes specialized circuitry positioned across the row drivers for altering the applied voltage to the rows to cause a change in brightness cross the FED screen. In response to a variable brightness voltage signal, the row on-time window is pulse width modulated to alter the brightness of the FED screen.

Abstract: A circuit and method for time multiplexing a voltage signal for controlling the color balance of a flat panel display. Within an FED screen, a matrix of rows and columns is provided and emitters are situated within each row-column intersection. Row drivers are sequentially activated during "row on-time windows" and corresponding individual gray scale information (voltages) are driven by the column drivers. When the proper voltage is applied across the cathode and anode of the emitters, electrons are released toward a phosphor spot, e.g., red, green, blue, causing illumination. Within each column driver, selection circuitry is provided for driving a first voltage data during a first part of the row on-time window and a second voltage data during a second part of the row on-time window. The lengths of the first part and second part of each row on-time window can be adjusted, for a given color, to adjust the color balance with respect to that color.

Abstract: A frame relay network planning tool is provided for analyzing the status of an existing network, for evaluating the condition of any user defined configuration, and for optimizing the expansion of the network based on demand and costs. The tool recommends the optimal locations of new switches, the configurations of existing switches and the placement of new trunks, and backhaul locations where desirable. The tool attempts to optimize the network configuration for the given demand by a sequence of network configuration changes. After each change, an attempt is made to route the demand, with minimal cost, until all demand is routed. The network changes made by the program include in order of priority, upgrading a link, adding a link, upgrading a switch, and adding a switch. When this process is completed a survivability test is run to insure that the network configured by the tool is survivable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to provide performance adjustments for FEDs during operation are provided. More specifically, the present invention provides two circuit embodiments for compensating for temperature induced brightness variations of the panel display. In a closed loop embodiment, a sample display circuit that is substantially similar to a FED being adjusted is used to generate a performance indicator signal which is compared against a reference signal to determine a difference signal. The difference signal is then used to adjust the operation performance of the FED as well as the sample display circuit. In an open loop embodiment, a current source generates a reference current across a sample resistor which is made from the same material as the resistor layer inside the FED's cathode. The voltage across the sample resistor is compared against a reference signal to determine a difference signal.

Abstract: A circuit and method for controlling the color balance of a flat panel display without losing gray scale resolution of the display screen. Within a FED screen, a matrix of rows and columns is provided and emitters are situated within each row-column intersection. Rows are activated sequentially by row drivers and corresponding individual gray scale information (voltages) is driven over the columns by column drivers. When the proper voltage is applied across the cathode and anode of the emitters, they release electrons toward a phosphor spot, e.g., red, green, blue, causing an illumination point. Within each column driver, a digital to analog converter that contains two data-in voltage-out transformation functions, a first function corresponding to a first voltage intensity and a second function corresponding to a lesser voltage intensity for a same digital color value.

Abstract: A voltage-adjustment section (20) of an electronic device converts an input control voltage (V.sub.1) into an output control voltage (V.sub.0) in such a way that a collector current (I.sub.CP) form with electrons emitted from an emitter (EP) of an emission/collection cell (26), or triode, varies in a desired, typically linear, manner with the input control voltage. The triode further includes a collector (CP) that carries the collector current and a gate electrode (GP) that regulates the collector current as a function of the output control voltage. Control of the collector current so as to achieve the desired current/voltage relationship is achieved with an analog control loop containing the triode and an amplifier (28) coupled between the triode's collector and gate electrode. The triode thus typically has a linear gamma characteristic relative to the input control voltage. The voltage-adjustment section is suitable for use in a display device such as a flat-panel display.

Abstract: A scheduling system is disclosed for scheduling tasks for fulfilling a series of service requests. When each service request is received, a determination is made as to the amount of resources a task requires to provide the requested service. Further, a preferred time within which to perform the task is obtained from the requestor of the service request. For each service request, data for the estimated amount of resources and the preferred time are supplied, on a first-come-first-serve basis, to a scheduling component for solving a combinatorial optimization model which efficiently allocates a predetermined amount of resources for each time slot in a scheduling period by rearranging tasks for service requests previously received. The scheduling component provides for a service requestor, without regard to subsequently received service requests, a service time in which to perform the task for the requested service substantially immediately after the service request is made.

Abstract: A fiber optic device for remote delivery of intense ultraviolet optical signals comprising an excimer laser source and an optical fiber. The output of the pulsed, transverse discharge, high pressure laser source is coupled to an articulating reflection mechanism which directs the pulsed laser output to an input end of the optical fiber. The optical fiber serves to transmit the light from the laser source to a remote location or target. The excimer laser further comprises a segmented first elongated laser electrode and a coextensive second laser electrode which is substantially solid. The discharge is stabilized by inductors connected to each segment of the first electrode and further by preionization electrodes located adjacent and coextensive with the second electrode. The preionization electrodes comprise a central conductor surrounded by a dielectric sleeve. The laser further comprises a closed gas system for the lasing medium gas.