Abstract: A method of controlling congestion in data networks wherein data is received by an egress port and buffered in a local buffer associated with a source of the element. For each data element received, the egress port determines whether a global threshold is exceeded and, if so, requests all data sources to reduce their rate of data delivery to the egress port. Similarly, the egress port determines whether a local threshold is exceeded and, if so, requests the one source associated with the local buffer to reduce the data delivery rate to the egress port. Optionally, if the data delivery rate of the one source falls below a predetermined minimum rate, the one source may refuse the request. In response, the egress port requests other data sources to reduce their rate of data delivery to the egress port.

Abstract: An intelligent credit card incudes a keypad for inputting numbers and other information, a processor for controlling the operation of the credit card, a power source, and an output device for selectively outputting the credit card number when the card is activated. The output device is a magnetic strip. A user inputs a sequence of numbers using the keypad. The received sequence of numbers are compared to a stored PIN number. If the sequence of numbers matches the PIN number, the card is activated, and the credit card number is output using the output device.