Abstract: A fluid density valve monitoring and access system secures the operation of an actuator that opens or closes a valve to a storage vessel, well or pipeline. The fluid density valve monitoring and access system includes a valve, an actuator, a mass flow meter, and a communication device that communicates with the valve actuator, the mass flow meter and an off-site secure website via the internet. The fluid density valve monitoring and access system has a mass flow meter that constantly monitors the fluid density of fluid passing through a valve either into or out of a storage vessel, well or pipeline. The fluid density valve monitoring and access system closes the valve whenever the fluid to be pumped through the valve has a density outside of an acceptable density range that has been programmed into the communication device. The monitoring system also notifies one or more persons whenever the valve is closed because the fluid has as density outside of an acceptable density range.

Abstract: An access and monitoring system that secures the operation of an actuator that opens or closes a valve to a storage vessel. The access and monitoring system has an on-site system having a valve, an actuator, a camera, a control panel with a keypad and signaling device, and a communication control unit that communicates with the valve actuator, the control panel and an off-site information processing unit. The on-site system communicates with the off-site information processing unit through a secure website residing on a server within the information processing unit. The access and monitoring system verifies and records the identity of all valve users that add samples to or remove samples from an on-site storage tank in a historical database.

Abstract: Surface plasmon generation on a metal or semiconductor layer at an outer surface of an optical waveguide, using light reflected or scattered from inside the optical waveguide. One aspect provides a main optical waveguide (11) (e.g. optical fibre) having a second optical waveguide (18) adhered thereto, the second optical waveguide including an optically transparent material (610) separating two surface plasmon supporting layers (600, 620). Another aspect provides a surface plasmon supporting layer of material(s) adhered to the main optical waveguide, the layer having photo-induced regions of material compaction. The regions of compaction may cause un-inscribed refractive index modulations in the main optical waveguide. The surface plasmons are coupled to the guided mode(s) in the main optical waveguide. Surface plasmon resonance depends on sample material in contact with an outermost surface plasmon supporting layer.

Abstract: The generation of surface plasmons on a metal layer arranged upon an outer surface of an optical waveguide, using light reflected from inside the optical waveguide. The reflected light may be a reflected part of guided light travelling along the optical waveguide and may be a back-reflected (e.g. obliquely back-reflected) part of the guided light. The reflected part of guided light may form a radiative optical mode(s) which is used to excite surface plasmons and which is also coupled to the remaining guided mode(s) of the light from which it derives. This coupling of the radiation mode(s) and the guided mode(s) enables changes in the radiation mode(s) to cause consequential changes in the guided mode(s) of light. Such changes in the radiation mode(s) may occur due to the coupling of the reflected mode(s) to the surface plasmons they excite at the metal layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for a gas delivery and monitoring system for delivering a gas product to a patient and receiving a gas product exhaled from a patient. In an embodiment, the gas delivery and monitoring system includes a head support made of resilient material and having therein a facial cavity. The facial cavity is configured to fit the contours of a patient's face and provides an oxygen rich environment for the patient while undergoing a medical procedure. In an embodiment, the facial cavity is shaped substantially in the form of a figure eight. In an embodiment, the facial cavity is further provided with one or more segmented edges that can be removed to further shape the facial cavity to the contours of the patient's face. In an embodiment, tubing is used to deliver oxygen from an oxygen source to the patient. Similarly, tubing is also used to receive carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient so that it might be measured by a carbon dioxide monitor.

Abstract: A voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulator includes an input stage, a reference voltage circuit, a gain stage, and an output stage. The reference voltage circuit is coupled to one input of the input stage, and the output stage is coupled to another input of the input stage. The gain stage includes a buffer device coupled to the output of the input stage and a drive circuit coupled to the output stage. The buffer device is operable to provide isolation between the input stage and the drive circuit. The drive circuit may include a first transistor coupled to the output stage, a base current translation circuit, and a current divide circuit coupled to the first transistor and to said base current translation circuit. The input stage may be biased with a substantially constant bias current, such that output dependent current loading effects are avoided.

Abstract: A thermal shutdown circuit board integrated circuit device. The thermal shutdown circuit includes a current source for receiving a current bias and generating an output current in accordance therewith. The current source is configured to produce the output current in a manner proportional to absolute temperature. A current mirror is coupled to the current source. The current mirror is configured to mirror the output current from the current source and is configured to have a high output impedance. A thermal shutdown transistor is coupled to control one output of the current mirror. The thermal shutdown transistor is also coupled to receive the output current and shutdown the output current at a temperature threshold in a manner dependent on shutdown circuit operating temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for a gas delivery and monitoring system for delivering a gas product to a patient and receiving a gas product exhaled from a patient. In an embodiment, the gas delivery and monitoring system includes a head support made of resilient material and having therein a facial cavity. The facial cavity is configured to fit the contours of a patient's face and provides an oxygen rich environment for the patient while undergoing a medical procedure. In an embodiment, the facial cavity is shaped substantially in the form of a figure eight. In an embodiment, the facial cavity is further provided with one or more segmented edges that can be removed to further shape the facial cavity to the contours of the patient's face. In an embodiment, tubing is used to deliver oxygen from an oxygen source to the patient. Similarly, tubing is also used to receive carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient so that it might be measured by a carbon dioxide monitor.

Abstract: A low dropout voltage regulator. The regulator comprises a bandgap reference circuit and first and second transistors coupled in parallel. The parallel transistors form the input of an operational amplifier, coupled to and providing substantially no load to the bandgap reference circuit. The bandgap reference circuit is coupled to the output of the integrated circuit low dropout voltage regulator. As a beneficial result, the bandgap reference works from a regulated output and has substantially no load. Consequently, the voltage output of the present invention is highly stable.

Abstract: A low current open loop voltage regulator monitor. A circuit is formed with a PTAT current source across a resistor. This current is mirrored by a circuit with two outputs. A first output is formed by a high output impedance current source that has a cascode output. A second output is formed by a higher voltage output current source that has a lower output impedance. The second output feeds an emitter of a PNP device that has its base coupled to the output of the first current source. The output of the first current source and the base of the PNP device are biased above ground by a series of diode and resistor drops that are of the same type comprising the PTAT circuit. This series of devices forms a stack of bandgap voltages that is nominally equal to, but independent of, the regulator output voltage.

Abstract: A modulated fibre Bragg grating strain gauge assembly for absolute gauging of strain including at least one sensor element (1) in the form of a length of optical fibre containing, along part its length, means for partially reflecting light (1a), means for generating and passing a beam of light (2a) with a spectral feature less than 0.

Abstract: A joint assembly connected with one end of a heat insulated conduit which includes an outer casing, a concentric inner core and an intermediate concentric layer of insulation material is disclosed herein. This assembly defines a passage extending from the conduit core outwardly to the outer surface of the joint assembly. This passage is provided such that fluid therein and under a predetermined amount of pressure in the direction towards the outer surface of the assembly will move out of the passage in the direction of pressure, i.e., to the outer surface of the joint assembly rather than into the layer of insulation material comprising part of the conduit.