Abstract: A liquid extraction process involving countercurrent flow of aqueous and organic liquid phases with gas dispersion in the organic phase is carried out in a pulsed column with for example a knitted bed, and the organic phase is discharged into the bed via a tube which physically supports the bed and is used for (optional) reciprocation of the bed to pulse the phases.

Abstract: Packing sheets are disclosed each of which consists of a flat base and parallel tube sectors formed thereon, alternately on opposite sides of the base. The walls of the tube sectors are corrugated preferably transversely to their length. Such sheets may be assembled together, e.g. using integral joint members, to form packing units of high efficiency for use in phase contacting applications such as cooling and distillation towers.

Abstract: This invention relates to dumped packings for use in gas/liquid contact apparatus and analogous apparatus. The dumped packings consist of a plurality of packing elements of specific configuration to provide packings with good characteristics in use. Each element consists of a generally elongate curved or polygonal base member which is substantially flat transversely but extends 90.degree. to 270.degree. about the notional axis of the curve or polygon to form an open shape extending generally in a plane perpendicular to that notional axis. The base member includes one or more elongate apertures bridged by elongate bridges integral with the base member and of opposite sense curvature. This construction gives packing elements which combine high strength with good mass transfer performance.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to packing elements for fluid-fluid contact apparatus of the packed tower type. The packing elements comprise open-ended tubular members of any desired cross-sectional configuration having a maximum transverse dimension or diameter greater than its width in the axial direction, and having one or more protuberances or ribs extending inwardly from the inside wall of the member. Additionally, the overall length of the packing element is at least as great as the diameter of the tubular portion thereof, and none of the protuberances extend the whole of the length of the packing element.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to packing elements for fluid-fluid contact apparatus of the packed tower type, and also to a method of contacting a fluid with another fluid in such an apparatus. The packing elements comprise open-ended tubular members of any desired cross-sectional configuration having a maximum transverse dimension or diameter greater than its width in the axial direction, and having one or more protuberances or ribs extending inwardly from the inside wall of the member.