Abstract: A propulsion unit comprises an elongated chamber having a front closed end and a rear open end with a side opening having a decreasing cross section inwardly of the chamber and directing incoming fluid tangentially of curved internal chamber walls for imparting a spin motion to such fluid for immediately redirecting fluid motion into an inwardly spiraling and longitudinally spreading flow outwardly of the open chamber end to propel the chamber forwardly. The unit operates with random wave motion as well as with expanding gases from a combustion chamber.

Abstract: An electricity generator which produces electrical energy from the random Brownian movement of molecules in a gas, and the uneven distribution of thermal energy in the different molecules of the gas, which is at an overall average uniform temperature. A plurality of sets of thermocouples are mounted on a surface in direct contact with the atmosphere, or a gas in a reservoir, with each thermocouple set consisting of a junction of molecular size of two dissimilar metals, and with each thermocouple set joined through a rectifier a similar thermocouple set. Alternatively, a plurality of separate molecular size metal anodes may be mounted on a surface with pairs of anodes converted by rectifiers to the output circuit.