Abstract: The present invention provides the use of a Cannabidiol (CBD) compound for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for treatment as well as for the prevention of at least one fundamental parameter affecting a vascular system selected from (a) the cardiovascular system; (b) the peripheral vascular system; or (c) a combination of (a) and (b); as well as pharmaceutical compositions and therapeutic methods for treating the above. A fundamental parameter may include blood/plasma lipid profile; atherosclerosis plaque load; size of heart scar; thickness of heart scar; and cardiac function in general. In accordance with a preferred embodiment the invention concerns treatment of heart scars as well as preventing the formation of heart scars.