Abstract: A coding algorithm encodes consecutive frames of a video sequence and realizes distributed Gradual Decoding Refresh. The consecutive frames include a first frame, a second frame, and a third frame, and each frame is composed of (X+Y+Z) columns of coding tree units. The algorithm includes: coding X columns of the first frame in an intra coding manner and coding the other columns of the first frame in an inter coding manner and/or the intra coding manner; coding X columns of the second frame in the inter coding manner, coding Y columns of the second frame in the intra coding manner, and coding Z columns of the second frame in the inter and/or intra coding manner(s); and coding X and Y columns of the third frame in the inter coding manner, and coding Z columns of the third frame in the intra coding manner. The X/Y/Z columns (intra-coded columns) are inconsecutive.

Abstract: An automotive oil-filter assembly includes a main body made from aluminum by high-pressure die casting, where a filter element mounting base and a radiator mounting position are arranged on the main body; a filter element is inserted into the filter element mounting base, and a radiator is mounted at the radiator mounting position; a main body cap is mounted on the filter element mounting base; a bypass valve is arranged at an end, adjacent to the main body cap, of the filter element and communicates with the filter element; an oil inlet of the main body is located at one end of the main body and communicates with the filter element mounting base; and an oil inlet of the radiator, an oil outlet of the radiator, a coolant inlet of the radiator, and a coolant outlet of the radiator are located at the radiator mounting position.

Abstract: An automotive oil-filter assembly includes a main body made from aluminum by high-pressure die casting, where a filter element mounting base and a radiator mounting position are arranged on the main body; a filter element is inserted into the filter element mounting base, and a radiator is mounted at the radiator mounting position; a main body cap is mounted on the filter element mounting base; a bypass valve is arranged at an end, adjacent to the main body cap, of the filter element and communicates with the filter element; an oil inlet of the main body is located at one end of the main body and communicates with the filter element mounting base; and an oil inlet of the radiator, an oil outlet of the radiator, a coolant inlet of the radiator, and a coolant outlet of the radiator are located at the radiator mounting position.