Abstract: A heat-dissipating module including heat-dissipating fins and heat pipes is provided. The heat-dissipating fins include first and second heat-dissipating fins arranged in an interleaved, spaced apart manner, and arranged in parallel along a first direction. The first heat-dissipating fins have interleaved first vias and first breach holes. The second heat-dissipating fins have interleaved second vias and second breach hole. The first breach holes and the second breach holes are arranged along a second direction, and the second vias respectively correspond to the first vias. The first direction is not parallel to the second direction. The heat pipes are configured to pass through the first vias and the second vias. A position of the orthogonal projection of a first breach hole formed on the second heat-dissipating fins along the first direction and the corresponding second breach hole are not overlap or are partially overlapped, and are arranged in symmetry.

Abstract: A heat dissipation module, configured for heat dissipation of at least one first heat source and at least one second heat source, and including a first heat sink, a second heat sink, a first pipe, and a second pipe, is provided. The first heat sink and the first heat source are connected to each other through the first pipe to form a first loop, so that a liquid medium flows through the first heat sink for heat exchange and then flows to the first heat source for circulating heat dissipation. The second heat sink and the second heat source are connected to each other through the second pipe to form a second loop, so that the liquid medium flows through the second heat sink for heat exchange and then flows to the second heat source for circulating heat dissipation. A projection device, including the heat dissipation module, is also provided.

Abstract: A device and a method for steering a vehicle are provided. The method includes following steps: obtaining a point cloud data of a vehicle through a lidar, obtaining an RGB image of the vehicle through a camera, and obtaining a current speed of the vehicle through a wheel speed sensor; using the current speed and local path way points associated with the point cloud data to obtain a target angle; using the current speed and a central lane distance error associated with the RGB image to obtain a compensator angle; and using the target angle and the compensator angle to obtain a steering command, and steering the vehicle to drive in a lane according to the steering command.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: An access network device obtains a data processing requirement indicating a requirement for processing data associated with a user for a specified purpose. The access network device; determines, based on user consent information and the data processing requirement, whether to process the data associated with the user for the specified purpose, where the user consent information indicates whether the user consents to process the data associated with the user for a plurality of data processing purposes, and any one of the plurality of data processing purposes indicates a purpose of processing the data associated with the user. In the solutions, the access network device determines, based on the user consent information and the data processing requirement, whether to process the data associated with the user for the specified purpose.

Abstract: A multi-level direct current converter, a voltage control method for a flying capacitor, and a control apparatus are provided. The multi-level direct current converter includes a controller, a flying capacitor, two switching transistor groups, and an inductor. The method for controlling a flying capacitor includes: in response to that an absolute value of a difference between a sampling voltage and a reference voltage of the flying capacitor is greater than a first threshold, adjusting a duty cycle difference between first switching transistors in two switching transistor groups or a phase difference between carriers of first switching transistors in two switching transistor groups based on a magnitude of an inductor current. According to this application, a voltage of the flying capacitor can be controlled, to improve operation stability of the multi-level direct current converter.

Abstract: This application provides a key management method, a device, and a system. The method includes: A terminal device sends a first application session establishment request message to a first application function network element, where the establishment request message carries identification information of a first key, and the first key is an authentication and key management for applications AKMA key. The terminal device receives a first authentication request message in a procedure of the re-authentication. The terminal device sends a response message for the first authentication request message in the procedure of the re-authentication. The terminal device receives a response message for the establishment request message. The terminal device derives a communication key between the terminal device and the first application function network element by using the first key.

Abstract: A method for determining a user plane security algorithm, a system, and an apparatus. The method may include: a second device selects a non-null user plane confidentiality protection algorithm based on a security capability of a first device and a security capability of the second device in a case in which user plane confidentiality protection between the second device and the first device is enabled and control plane confidentiality protection between the second device and the first device is not enabled. The second device sends a first message to the first device. The first message includes first algorithm indication information indicating the user plane confidentiality protection algorithm. Therefore, the first device can obtain the non-null user plane confidentiality protection algorithm. Embodiments can be adopted to determine an effective user plane confidentiality protection algorithm, for confidentiality protecting user plane data.

Abstract: A communication method, apparatus, and system are provided, to resolve problems in a conventional technology that an AKMA authentication procedure is complex and signaling overheads are large. Principles of the method are as follows: In a registration procedure of a terminal device, AKMA authentication is implicitly indicated based on primary authentication. For example, if primary authentication succeeds, it may be considered that AKMA authentication also succeeds. In addition, an AKMA temporary identifier is allocated to the terminal device after AKMA authentication succeeds. According to the method, apparatus, and system in this application, no additional AKMA authentication is required. This simplifies a procedure and reduces signaling overheads.

Abstract: This application provides a communication system, method, and apparatus. The system is applied to implement authentication and key management for applications (AKMA) service-based data transmission between a terminal device and an application function network element. The system includes an AKMA anchor function network element and a network exposure function network element. The network exposure function network element obtains first identification information from a unified data management network element, where the first identification information is used to determine an authentication server function network element corresponding to the terminal device, and sends the first identification information to the AKMA anchor function network element. The AKMA anchor function network element obtains, from the unified data management network element based on the first identification information, identification information of the authentication server function network element corresponding to the terminal device.

Abstract: A TSV structure includes a substrate. A through via penetrates the substrate. A copper layer fills the through via. A trench is embedded in the substrate and surrounds the copper layer, and a material layer fills the trench. The material layer includes W, Cr, Ir, Re, Zr, SiOC glass, hydrogen-containing silicon oxynitride, silicon oxide or spin-on glass.

Abstract: An optical-fiber connector includes a first metal housing, a second metal housing, and a plurality of coupling components, where the first metal housing and the second metal housing are assembled with each other. The first metal housing has a receiving space. Two ends of the first metal housing respectively include a plurality of first mating portions and a first tail cap assembling portion. Two ends of the second metal housing respectively include a plurality of second mating portions corresponding to the first mating portions and a second tail cap assembling portion assembled with the first tail cap assembling portion. Each of the coupling components includes a coupling body and a metal stopping member. Each of the coupling bodies has a positioning portion. Each of the positioning portions is assembled with a corresponding one of the first mating portions and a corresponding one of the second mating portions.

Abstract: A layout pattern of a magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) includes a substrate having a first cell region, a second cell region, a third cell region, and a fourth cell region, a first gate pattern extending from the first cell region to the third cell region along a first direction, a first diffusion region extending from the first cell region to the second cell region along a second direction, a first metal pattern adjacent to one side of the first gate pattern and overlapping the first diffusion region, a source line pattern extending from the first cell region to the second cell region along the second direction, and a first spin orbit torque (SOT) pattern extending along the first direction and overlapping the first metal pattern and the source line pattern.

Abstract: A standard connector comprises an optical-fiber sleeve member, a fixation member, a spring, a connector body, a retaining member, a fixation sleeve, and a coupling cap. The optical-fiber sleeve member is connected to one end of the fixation member. The spring is fitted over the fixation member. The connector body is fitted over the fixation member and the spring. The connector body has a plurality of first engaging portions. The retaining member is fitted over the optical-fiber sleeve member and engaged with the connector body. The fixation member has a mating opening. An inner wall of the mating opening has a plurality of mating portions. The fixation sleeve is fitted over the optical-fiber sleeve member, the fixation member, and the connector body. Each of the mating portions is engaged with a corresponding one of the first engaging portions. The coupling cap is fitted over the fixation sleeve.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and an apparatus. In an implementation, the communication method is applied to a universal integrated circuit card, the universal integrated circuit card is configured with a subscription permanent identifier and a pseudo identifier corresponding to the subscription permanent identifier, and the method includes: The universal integrated circuit card generates a subscription concealed identifier based on the pseudo identifier, where a length of a username included in the pseudo identifier is different from a length of a username included in the subscription permanent identifier, and the length of the username included in the pseudo identifier is greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold; and then the universal integrated circuit card sends the subscription concealed identifier to a mobile equipment.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method may include: A terminal device obtains first indication information, where the first indication information indicates at least one multicast key transmission procedure, each multicast key transmission procedure is a communication procedure that is supported by a network side and that is used to transmit a multicast key to the terminal device, and the multicast key is a security transmission key of a multicast session between the terminal device and a first content delivery network element. The terminal device obtains service data from a core network based on a support case of the terminal device for the at least one multicast key transmission procedure.

Abstract: An authentication method, a communication apparatus, and a storage medium are provided. The method includes: a first function network element in a home network determines whether a terminal needs to be authenticated; the first function network element obtains an authentication material when the terminal needs to be authenticated; the first function network element obtains a first authentication vector based on the authentication material; and the first function network element sends a first authentication request message to an AMF to trigger authentication on the terminal, wherein the first authentication request message includes the first authentication vector. According to this application, the first function network element in the home network determines to trigger authentication on the terminal.

Abstract: A display substrate, a method for manufacturing a display substrate and a display device are provided. The display substrate has a display area and a bonding area. The display substrate includes a base, a first conductive layer, a light shielding layer, and bonding pads. The first conductive layer is on the base and in the display area, and the first conductive layer includes gate lines; the light shielding layer is on a side of the first conductive layer proximal to the base, and an orthographic projection of the light shielding layer on the base at least covers orthographic projections of the gate lines on the base; the bonding pads are on the base at intervals and in the bonding area, orthographic projections of at least a portion of the bonding pads on the base are not overlapped with the orthographic projection of the light shielding layer on the base.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate having a logic region and a magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) region, a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) on the MRAM region, a metal interconnection on the MTJ, and a blocking layer on the metal interconnection. Preferably, the blocking layer includes metal and the blocking layer includes a grid line pattern according to a top view.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus are provided. The method may include: A mobility management network element receives a transaction identifier of a remote terminal device and a name of a data network from a relay terminal device. The mobility management network element determines a subscription permanent identifier of the remote terminal device based on the transaction identifier, and then sends the subscription permanent identifier and the name of the data network to a session management network element. After receiving the subscription permanent identifier and the name of the data network, the session management network element determines, by using a data management network element based on the subscription permanent identifier and the name of the data network, whether to perform secondary authentication on the remote terminal device. Whether to perform secondary authentication on the remote terminal device can be determined by using the provided solution.