Abstract: Hydrocarbon polymers such as ethylene copolymers may be reacted with unsaturated nitrogen-containing monomers or unsaturated carboxylic acids in a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricating oil in the presence of a free radical initiator such as a peroxide. The copolymer grafted directly with the nitrogen-containing monomers may be utilized as an additive for oil compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions as a V.I.-dispersant additive. The polymer reacted with carboxylic acid may be further reacted with amines or amino-alcohols to also form a multifunctional V.I.-dispersant additive.

Abstract: There are disclosed power shift transmission fluids such as automatic transmission fluids containing a friction modifier additive being an oil soluble alkylthio succinic anhydride or acid, such as octadecyl thiosuccinic acid or anhydride.

Abstract: Oil-soluble spiro-[cycloalkane-oxazolidines], e.g. spiro-[cyclopentane-1,2-(4'-ethyl-4'-methylol)-oxazolidines-1', 3'] which are the reaction products of a cycloalkanone and an amino-propane monool or diol are additives which feature activity in functional fluids, e.g. mineral oil base automatic transmission fluids, as copper corrosion inhibitors and as chelating agents.

Abstract: Oil-soluble 4-alkyl mono or 5-alkyl bicyclic oxazolidines, e.g. 1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0] octanes which are the reaction products of an aldehyde and an amino propane monol or diol are additives which feature activity in functional fluids, e.g. mineral oil base automatic transmission fluids, as copper alloy corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: Substituted lactone acid materials are usefully incorporated into an automatic transmission fluid (ATF) in an at least friction modifying amount to provide the ATF with a reduced rate of torque change normally found in ATF formulations when subjected to oxidative conditions. The sulfur-bridged C.sub.6 -C.sub.30 alkyl lactone acids are preferred.

Abstract: A dispersant or dispersant mixture that is useful in fuel and lubricant compositions, and that is characterized by its derivation from a long chain dicarboxylic acid material and an amino alcohol, is stabilized against oxidation by sulfurization by reaction with sulfur or with a sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of carbon disulfide, sulfides of phosphorus including P.sub.2 S.sub.5 and P.sub.4 S.sub.3, and phosphosulfurized olefins. More particularly, the dispersant so treated will usually comprise a mono or bis-oxazoline prepared by reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid or anhydride or ester thereof, having at least 50 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group, with a 2,2-disubstituted 2-amino-1-alkanol that has from two to three hydroxy groups and that contains from 4 to 8 total carbon atoms.

Abstract: The friction performance of a lubricating oil composition that has been compounded to serve as a functional fluid that is particularly useful in mechanical and hydraulic units containing wet clutches, for example an automotive automatic transmission, is greatly improved by the incorporation of a combination of a friction modifier of the type comprising a straight chain alkenyl or alkyl C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid or the reaction product of an aldehyde/tris hydroxymethyl aminomethane adduct and a long chain dicarboxylic acid anhydride such as an alpha-olefin succinic anhydride; with an overbased detergent salt such as an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of a hydrocarbyl sulfonic acid, an alkyl phenol or a sulfurized alkyl phenol, in certain proportions.