Abstract: A reactor of the shell and tube type wherein the head on the first end of the reactor is divided by a partition. A reactant, e.g. oxygen, is passed into one side of the divided head, passed through the tubes containing catalyst on one side of the reactor which are available to that portion of the head. Upon exiting into the head at the opposite end of the reactor the reactant oxygen is mixed with another reactant, e.g. a chlorinated hydrocarbon, and fed into tubes on the other side of the reactor, which also contains catalyst, and wherein the oxidation of the chlorinated hydrocarbon occurs. The product gases exit on the side of the divided head opposite the oxygen inlet at the first end of the reactor. A heat exchange medium surrounds the tubes and circulates within the shell to either heat or cool the said tubes as necessary. When the catalyst employed in the reaction becomes coated with carbonaceous material the flow is reversed and the oxygen fed into that side of the reactor to regenerate the catalyst.

Abstract: The present analyzing apparatus provides a means for vapor phase analysis of process streams containing a non-condensable phase, and a condensable phase wherein the phases are variously comprised of hydrogen, water, oxides of carbon, aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. A sample is passed into a first separation means wherein the aromatic hydrocarbons are separated from the hydrogen, water, oxides of carbon and aliphatic hydrocarbon. The hydrogen, water oxides of carbon and aliphatic hydrocarbons are passed in a second separation means while the aromatic hydrocarbons are held in the first separation, and separated into the constituent elements and compounds and thereafter passed into a first detection means wherein the concentration of each constituent is determined. The aromatic hydrocarbons are passed from a first separation means to a third separation means where the aromatic hydrocarbons are separated into the constituent compounds.

Abstract: A repetitive gas chromatograph employing a backflush valve downstream from the detector and a separate sample injection valve located upstream located directly upstream from the single chromatographic column. Each valve is operated independently of the other so as to allow flexibility in the timing of going into backflush operation and returning the sample valve immediately after sample injection onto the column to sample passage through the sample valve so as to more quickly establish equilibration of the sample and the sample valve's walls. Type and location of sample valve and backflush valve allow continuous monitoring of a sample stream.

Abstract: The present sampling system provides a means for continuous vapor phase analysis of an indefinite number of process streams in a single operation. The process being sampled is connected into a single analyzing instrument by more than one delivery conduit. Each delivery conduit is heated between the process and the analyzer to a temperature sufficient to maintain the selected sample in its vapor state. During the sampling only one delivery conduit is carrying the sample into the analyzer. At the same time, a purge fluid is being backflushed into the process through each remaining delivery conduit. The backflushing sequence clears out polymerizable materials or other substances which tend to collect inside the conduit.

Abstract: In the manufacture of ethylene dichloride by the oxychlorination of ethylene, chloral is a highly corrosive by-product which must be removed prior to condensing the product gases in order to avoid damage to the condenser. The effluent from the oxychlorination reactor is quenched by a counter-current flow of an aqueous solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates or borates maintained at a pH of about 8-9. This enables the chloral to react without an appreciable loss of carbon dioxide from the non-condensible product gases which are employed as recycle diluent in the process.