Abstract: The present disclosure relates to graded electrodes for an electric battery cell, and to methods of designing and manufacturing such electrodes. Example embodiments include a method of designing an electrode for an electric battery cell, the electrode comprising a compound mixture of an electrochemically active material, an electrically conductive material and a binding material, the method comprising: applying a model for an electrochemical response of the electric battery cell; and optimising parameters of the model to maximise one or more of an energy density, power density, battery health and thermal response of the electric battery cell.