Abstract: A process for dehydrogenating dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons is disclosed in which a heat providing stream is utilized to supply a portion of the endothermic heat requirement of the reaction zone feed thereby decreasing the temperature drop of the dehydrogenation zone material. As a result, the amount of deleterious side reactions such as thermal cracking is reduced, and an increase in conversion of the dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons is realized.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a mixture of mono- and diallkylated aromatic hydrocarbons suitable for use as a detergent or as a surfactant in enhanced oil recovery processes. Two alkylation reaction stages are used in series, with a separate amount of an acyclic olefin being charged to each reaction stage. The effluent of the second alkylation reaction stage is separated by fractionation to form a mixture of mono- and dialkylated hydrocarbons. A portion of this mixture is recycled to the second alkylation reaction stage, with remainder being withdrawn as the product stream.

Abstract: A process for the production of oil-soluble sulfonates from a gas oil such as a vacuum gas oil. Water-soluble sulfonic acids are separated from the effluent of the sulfonation zone, and the remainder of the effluent is then passed through a saponification zone to produce oil-soluble sulfonates which are then recovered. The remaining hydrocarbons are fractionated, with the resultant heavy fraction being passed through a reforming zone to produce additional aromatics which are then recycled to the sulfonation zone.