Abstract: A method for preparing a mixture of fructose, glucose and oligosaccharides prepared from tubers or roots, and the use of the mixtures as a filler bulking agent with a sweet taste.

Abstract: A fiber-containing product based on seeds of leguminous plants comprises the cell wall ingredients of the seed, said ingredients being isolated upon previous removal of the seed coat. The product is prepared by whole seeds of leguminous plants being shelled to remove the cellulose-containing seed coat and being rinsed and steamed for bacteriological reasons are wet-ground to open the plant cells and to dissolve or suspend the starch particles, proteins, and soluble components contained in the plant cells; whereafter proteins, salts, soluble ingredients, and starch particles are removed as a filtrate through a filtration on a centrifugal sieve followed by a washing, filtration, and pressing of the resulting filter cake to increase the dry matter content before the filter cake is rasped and dried. The fiber product can be used when preparing e.g.

Abstract: Seeds of a grain legume of relatively low lipid content are processed under conditions found to yield an improved protein isolate which is well suited for human consumption. The seeds of the grain legume are wet-milled in an aqueous medium to form a finely milled slurry with the protein being substantially dissolved in water (as described). Solid material is removed from the protein slurry, and low molecular weight coagulation inhibitors inherently present are removed from the extract of protein by ultrafiltration with the aid of diafiltration to form a protein retentate. The protein retentate is coagulated through the action of proteolytic enzyme (as described) to produce the improved protein isolate of the present invention which optionally may be recovered in a particulate solid form. The resulting protein isolate of the present invention exhibits excellent emulsifying properties and can be used to advantage as an additive for food systems.

Abstract: An apparatus for the ultra or hyperfiltration of liquids to form a permeate fraction and a concentrate fraction includes a stack of membranes and membrane support plates. The stack includes two longitudinally extending main flow passages connected with a plurality of flow passages extending along the surfaces of the membranes. There is provided a device for blocking the flow of liquid from one main flow passage to the other in a zone around the center line between the two main flow passages. Ribs may be provided having a height which increases when viewed in a direction from the central part towards the periphery of a membrane support plate with the object of obtaining an improved distribution of liquid over the membrane surfaces.

Abstract: Method of purifying sugar juice which has been prepared by extraction of a sugar beet material comprising mechanically separating undissolved components, chemically treating the juice to convert low molecular non-sugars into higher molecular compounds and to convert non-soluble compounds into soluble compounds and ultrafiltering the sugar juice thus obtained to separate high molecular components therefrom, thus obtaining a purified sugar juice which is suitable for the manufacture of crystalline sugar of a higher quality than conventionally purified sugar juice.

Abstract: A liquid fuel composition consisting of a stable emulsion of (a) a mineral fuel oil, (b) methanol or an aqueous solution of methanol, saccharose or a starch decomposition product, and (c) a polymeric emulsifier.The fuel composition is prepared by emulsifying the three components in a homogenizer or an ultrasonic generator.The fuel composition has a viscosity of the same order as that of the mineral fuel oil and the utilization of calories contained in the fuel composition is higher than that of pure mineral fuel oil when used as a fuel for a diesel engine.A polymeric emulsifier is prepared by esterifying a naturally occurring polymer containing free hydroxy groups with a fatty acid or with a condensation product of a hydroxy fatty acid.

Abstract: Method of improving the recovery of sugar from sugar beets comprising washing the sugar beets to remove impurities therefrom, wholly or partially removing the outer layer of the washed sugar beets, slicing the sugar beets thus obtained and extracting the sliced sugar beets with an aqueous solution to form a sugar juice.Apparatus for wholly or partially removing the surface layer of washed sugar beets, the apparatus comprising two spaced rows of rotatable cylindrical brushes mounted so as to advance sugar beets in the space between the rows while subjecting them to the influence of the brushes to wholly or partially remove the outer layer of the sugar beets.

Abstract: In a rotary drum or disc filter having circumferentially distributed cells in constant communication through open outlets with a common vacuum chamber, which may be the interior of the drum, or part of that interior, or a separate chamber rotating together with the filter. In a position of each cell where filter cake is to be blown off, a jet of compressed air or steam is injected into the respective outlet through a nozzle which combines with the outlet to form an ejector pump (jet pump).

Abstract: A crystallizer which comprises a vertically mounted elongated container that contains at least one bundle of spaced cooling pipes extending longitudinally of the container and a wing attached to a shaft extending longitudinally of the container, the shaft being rotated so as to oscillate about its axis and thus force crystallizable liquid forwards and backwards through the spaces between the cooling pipes to cool the liquid and thus cause a crystallization thereof.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for measuring the concentration of a fluid depending on the dielectric constant of the fluid, electric oscillations are supplied from a source through an impedance matching link to an antenna placed in the liquid within the confines of a Faraday cage, and the electric power reflected from the antenna towards the source is measured to determine deviations from ideal matching resulting from changes of the dielectric constant of the fluid. In an important embodiment, the measurement is used for the automatic programmed control of the supply of syrup in a sugar crystallization process in accordance with a predetermined program.

Abstract: A cooler for mixtures of crystals and crystallizing liquid in the production of sugar and related products comprises a bundle of vertical pipes for the passage of such a mixture from a bottom chamber to a top chamber. The vertical pipes are surrounded by a cooling medium, and in the interior of the pipes plungers are provided which have a somewhat smaller diameter than the inner wall of the pipes so as to form a slot-like passage along the inner wall of each pipe. The plungers are moved up and down through the pipes. The cooler is especially adapted for promoting crystallization by a rapid drop of temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the viscosity or consistency of fluids, such as liquids, emulsions and suspensions, comprises a hydraulic pressure sensor, such as a pressure transducer, and an impeller rotating in front of the sensor so as to produce a periodically varying flow of fluid in a direction towards the sensor.

Abstract: A method for the seeding of a super-saturated sugar solution to effect a crystallization therein by adding to the solution finely milled sugar suspended in a suspension agent, said suspension being capable of being spread in the sugar solution and being stable for longer periods of time when being subjected to a slow flowing movement.An apparatus for seeding a super-saturated sugar solution comprising a liquid conduit system and means for generating a continuous stream of a suspension of finely milled sugar crystals in a suspension agent and for injecting at desired intervals a dosed amount of suspension from a point in the liquid conduit system into the sugar solution to be crystallized.