Abstract: An optically pumped solid-state laser includes a laser medium surrounded by a pumping radiation reflector having at least one opening for injecting into the pumping radiation reflector pumping radiation emitted by a pumping radiation source Disposed between the pumping radiation source and the laser medium is a beam guiding and/or beam shaping optical system that includes at least one optical element disposed inside the pumping radiation reflector in the beam path of the pumping radiation source, the optical element varying the power density distribution of at least a portion of the pumping radiation directed immediately onto the laser medium.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are presented in order to carry out an automatic optical inspection of an off-center rotating component to be measured. Using a measurement procedure which avoids mechanical contact having a source producing parallel rays and a detecting means, the off-center rotating component is rotated about a rotational axis, whereby a motion of the detecting means is synchronized with the rotation and is carried out in such a fashion that the separation, in the direction of an optical axis, between the off-center rotating component and the detecting means remains constant. In this manner optical distortions are avoided which would otherwise occur in the optical measurement procedure.

Abstract: To automatically examine medical ampuls to determine their dimensional accuracy, the ampuls are moved in a horizontal position on a chain conveyor in a cadenced manner through an optoelectronic testing station. At the testing station, each ampul is lifted out of the chain conveyor and illuminated by light from a diffusely radiating illumination source perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the ampul. In the case of one-point-cut ampuls, the ampuls are rotated about their longitudinal axes during the testing process. The light passing through the ampul is received by a photodiode camera system which converts the images into electrical image signals. These image signals are evaluated with respect to their changes in intensity produced by the tested ampul in order to generate measurement values for the desired ampul dimensions and, if applicable, for their deviations from standard ampul dimensions.

Abstract: An opto-electronic measuring bench for the automatic dimensional inspection of externally turned parts, where the test object is linearly illuminated and an image of two diametrically opposed contour points produced on two rows of photodiodes. The diameter of the shafts may be determined from the position of the images of the two contour points recognized as intensity jumps and the electrically determined distance of the two rows of diodes. The rows of diodes may be moved together with the light sources in the axial direction of the test object, in order to carry out diameter measurements over the entire axial length of the test object. The distance of the diode rows in the axial direction from a starting position is also determined electrically, so that length measurements of the test object are also possible.

Abstract: In uninterrupted and neat machining of a workpiece or material, particularly extremely hard material, with an ultrosonic tool is obtained by keeping constant or substantially constant the contact pressure between the tool and the worked surface. This is done, for example, by feeding the tool by means of a spindle sleeve which is mounted for displacement in a feed head. The other end of the spindle sleeve, remote from the tool, is designed as the piston of a feed mechanism. By keeping the pressure P1 in the cylinder space above piston, or the volume of this cylinder space, constant, the contact pressure of the tool remains constant as desired. Since the piston displaced during the matching operation, this displacement must be determined, by means of a displacement pickup, for example. Through a very sensitive contact pressure control on a feed head of the working machine, to which the cylinder of the feed mechanism is secured, can be moved to keep the volume of or pressure in the cylinder space constant.

Abstract: A method for digitizing and displaying thermographic records of biological or technical structures which makes it possible to recognize abnormal temperature distributions even if they are very small or the corresponding regions differ only very slightly in their temperature value from the adjacent temperature values. In this method, the temperature values at each image point of a thermogram are digitized and the slope of the local change in temperature, i.e. the temperature gradient, is calculated for each image point on basis of its temperature and the measured temperature values of its neighboring points. For a selected image region the local distribution of the temperature gradients is displayed. Abnormal temperature distributions can be recognized from this display at places where large temperature gradients are present.The method is particularly advantageous for use in the field of medicine and serves there for the detection of carcinomas and particularly breast cancer.