Abstract: A process for treating molten cast iron with pure magnesium wherein a granular mixture of magnesium granules admixed with granules of refractory material is flooded with molten iron. By employing granular refractory material of controlled size in the granular mixture, the rate of absorption of magnesium into the iron melt may be effectively controlled so as to optimize magnesium introduction at minimal costs.

Abstract: A casting device in particular a converter for pouring and/or treating of molten metal is provided with a tilting mechanism. A tilting arm with two turn- or tilting axles at least is provided for. A guiding segment allied to the tilting arm show--according to the relation to the tilting axle--different arc radii. The segment is motor-driven and spanned by one chain at least.

Abstract: A wall member for a converter chamber for the treatment of cast iron melt with magnesium. The size and shape of the wall member of a converter have a decisive influence on the efficiency of the treatment of a cast iron metal in a converter and on the accuracy of obtaining a residual magnesium content. For an optimum control of this influence, the length L of the wall member is determined in accordance with the formula L=600.times.T.sup.0.45 .times.A and the height H is determined in accordance with the formula H=0.5 L.times.A, wherein A is a coefficient ranging between 0.5 to 1.5 depending upon the sulfur content of 0.01 to 0.15% by weight and depending upon the thickness of the refractory lining of the converter vessel ranging from 40 to 150 mm.

Abstract: In an ingot mould casting device for casting a melt, the ingot moulds (1, 1a, 1b) of the individual ingot mould units (35, 36, 37) are movable in a U-shaped clamp (13), wherein at the free ends (43) of the U-shaped clamp (13) there is provided an ingot mould holding- and pulling-apart mechanism. With the aid of this ingot mould holding-and pulling-apart mechanism, the ingot moulds are opened so far, after casting has been effected in the casting position, until the resistance during pulling-apart of the ingot mould (1, 1a, 1b) drops to the resistance with respect to the shifting of the ingot mould half (1b) movable on the guide rods (2). In a second phase, the movable ingot mould half (1b) is moved completely away from the non-movable ingot mould half (1a). The discharged parts fall onto the conveyor belt (18). The entire operation from the actuation of the starting button (42) of an ingot mould arrangement can take place automatically.

Abstract: A method of vaporizing additives in a metal melt. The method is carried out in a vessel which has a chamber in which at least one additive is placed. The geometric configuration of the chamber and the total cross-sectional area of the openings are adjusted in relation to the amount T of metal melt, so that a vaporization t=68.times.T.sup.0.22 .times.A is obtained. This method has the advantage that parameters, such as, residual magnesium content can be accurately reproduced.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for transmitting force from an actuating element of an electromagnet to a component to be actuated. The actuating element and the component to be actuated are substantially axially aligned. The lever is supported upon and rotates about a stop which is at a predetermined distance from both the push-pin axis and the axis of the component. When the point of contact of the lever with the push-pin is closer to the axis of the component than the point of contact of the lever with the component, the apparatus provides a mechanical advantage greater than 1. As a result, the component is moved with an enhanced force in the initial stages of its movement. In a preferred environment, several levers are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the component to be actuated to reduce cross-forces.

Abstract: A feed system for machine tools in which rapidly changing cutting forces occur in milling machines with an hydraulic piston drive, a position control system and a carriage supporting either the tool or the workpiece for relative movement. The carriage is movably mounted on guides with preloadable bearings shiftably or swivelably. Dry-running friction bearings on the carriage are equipped with an automatically readjusting pressure arrangement, by means of which an adjustable shifting resistance is generated, which corresponds at least to the magnitude of the cutting force occurring. Preferably, the pressure arrangement consists of a pressure piston which may be acted upon by means of an adjustable pressure. In the case of the use of post guides, the bearings are equipped with three slide surfaces mutually displaced by 120.degree. and the pressure piston acts radially on one of the three slide surfaces.

Abstract: An automatic method of trimming portions of a workpiece such as a casting includes moving a trimming tool along the contour of the workpiece while imparting linear or rotary cutting motion to the tool, detecting the deflection of the tool as it follows the contour, and using signals representative of the deflection detection to control the contour-following tool motion. Apparatus for performing this method includes proximity detectors in the tool support or elastic deformation sensors such as strain gauges, in various embodiments. The tool itself acts as a pattern follower as well as the trimmer, using the workpiece as the pattern.

Abstract: A machine for removing flashing, burrs and the like from castings includes a base having a swivelable workpiece supporting table and inclined surfaces supporting a milling assembly on a saddle such that the saddle is movable, with the milling assembly, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle sleeve, and the assembly is swivelable on the saddle such that the sleeve axis remains parallel to itself. The spindle is also movable axially. An impact cutting tool is supported on the spindle sleeve and is driven by a piston and cylinder assembly to reciprocate rapidly in an operating position in which the impact tool axis is parallel to the spindle axis. The impact tool assembly is movable from the operating position to a rest position, either by retraction or by a pivoting mechanism. The apparatus can be automatically operated by using a pattern-following arrangement in which the workpiece itself is used as the pattern and the impact tool as the pattern follower.

Abstract: A clamping arrangement to firmly clamp workpieces of variable shape to permit the workpieces to be processed on all peripheral sides includes a rotating platform and a clamping lever. The platform and the lever are separately mounted on the housing of the clamping arrangement. The lever is mounted on the housing by means of a column and a bearing part. The column is fixedly secured to the housing. The bearing part is rotatably and adjustably connected to the column to permit the bearing part to be located at various positions along the length of the column. The clamping lever is pivotably coupled to the bearing part and may be driven by fluid pressure operated cylinders between clamping and releasing positions. The clamping lever has two telescoping parts to permit the portion of the clamping lever which engages the workpiece to be radially adjustable with respect to the column.

Abstract: A support arrangement to cooperate with a clamp for holding workpieces of irregular shape wherein a horizontal support plate has holes arranged in orthogonal rows and columns. Workpiece support members of various heights have bottom pegs insertable into the holes to support a workpiece so that it can be clamped from above. An embodiment having a specific matrix of round and elongated holes is disclosed. Support members having two pegs and adjustable heights are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a device for clamping a workpiece, such as an undressed casting, so that various surfaces of the workpiece can be mechanically worked, a platform having a support surface for the workpiece is pivotally mounted on a horizontal first axle located below the support surface. The first axle is pivotally mounted in a first cup-shaped housing which, in turn, is mounted for rotation about a vertically extending second axle. The first housing is pivotally supported within a second cup-shaped housing which is secured by swivel arms to a horizontal third axle located above and extending normally of the first axle. With the workpiece located on the support surface of the platform, the position of the surface to be worked is sensed to determine any deviations from a nominal position and by pivoting the platform about the three axles the surface can be precisely located for the working operation.