Abstract: A process for producing natural vitamin E and intermediates in this process.

Abstract: Novel Isoprene Derivatives which have mucosa-protective and gastric acid secretion-inhibiting properties and are useful for combatting ulcers both by treating and as a prophylaxis against gastric and/or duodenal ulcers.

Abstract: 6-Etherified hydroxy -2-(4',8',12'-trimethyl-5'-tridecenyl)-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromans with an oxo or hydroxy substituent at the 2' position which may be substituted with an arylsulfonyl or a carboxyalkyl at the 3' position and containing a single or double bond at the 11 position, said chromans being intermediates for producing natural vitamin E.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## can be used as optical brighteners.

Abstract: Aqueous optical brightener compositions consisting essentially of:(a) at least one optical brightener of formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen or --SO.sub.3 M;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or --SO.sub.3 M;R.sub.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.2-3 -hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CN or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CONH.sub.2 ;R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, C.sub.2-3 -hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy-ethoxy-ethyl, N,N-Bis-(C.sub.1-3 -alkyl)-amino-C.sub.2-6 -alkyl or benzyl;orR.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together with the neighboring nitrogen atom signify a morpholine, pyrrolidine, piperidine or N-methylpiperazine ring;andM is hydrogen or a colorless cation; provided that at most one of R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: A gas laser, includes:a tube having two ends to be filled with gas; anda plate-shaped window hermetically sealing at least one of the ends of the tube;the window including a carrier plate and a layer coating the inside of the carrier plate;the tube being formed of a first material with a first thermal coefficient of expansion (H.sub.1) at least in vicinity of the one end thereof having the window;the layer being formed of a second material with a second thermal coefficient of expansion (H.sub.2);the carrier plate being formed of a third material with a third thermal coefficient of expansion (H.sub.3);the first and second materials being unadapted to each other; andthe third material being thermally matched to the first material.

Abstract: The manufacture of optically active bifunctional compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents protected hydroxymethyl, protected formyl or alkoxycarbonyl and R.sup.1 represents a group of the formula ##STR2## or --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.NR.sup.2 in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent lower alkyl or cycloalkyl or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the nitrogen atom represent a heterocyclic ring,by isomerizing compounds of the general formula ##STR3## wherein R, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the above significance and R.sup.3 can additionally signify hydrogen,is described.The compounds of formula I are potential intermediates in the manufacture of, inter alia, natural vitamin E and natural vitamin K.sub.1.

Abstract: Novel chiral phosphorus compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R signifies substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which can be the same or different, signify hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, di-lower alkylamino or protected hydroxymethyl or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together signify the group ##STR2## in which m represents a number 3 to 5, R.sup.4 represents lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or benzyl and R.sup.5 represents lower alkyl or both R.sup.5 's together represent lower alkylene, R.sup.3 signifies methyl, lower alkoxy, di-lower alkylamino or fluorine and n signifies the number 0, 1, 2 or 3, are described.The compounds of formula I are useful in the form of complexes with a metal of Group VIII as catalysts for asymmetric hydrogenations and enantioselective hydrogen displacements in prochiral allylic systems.

Abstract: In a coaxially constructed gas laser with a capillary fused at one end to the glass casing surrounding it and enclosed at its free end by a supporting spring the supporting spring contains a perforated disc of a material adapted thermally to the jacket glass and is framed by a shrunk-on jacket constriction. Such a mount is extraordinarily stable mechanically and thermally. In a preferred embodiment the supporting spring is a multipart spring: attached to the thermally adapted perforated disc are two other, smaller perforated discs consisting of a spring material of temperature constancy and containing the actual spring elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I.sub.x, ##STR1## in which Y.sub.1 is (C.sub.1-6) alkoxy, Z is hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium, andn is 1 or 2and a process for treating anionic dyeable substrates therewith to reserve the same against anionic dyes.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula I, ##STR1## in which THE R.sub.1 's are the same and signify hydrogen or methyl,The R.sub.2 's are the same and signify hydrogen; C.sub.1-6 alkyl; cyclohexyl, unsubstituted or substituted by up to three C.sub.1-6 alkyl radicals; or benzyl, unsubstituted or substituted by up to two substituents selected from halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy and C.sub.1-6 alkyl, andThe M's signify hydrogen or a nonchromophoric cation,Their production and use as optical brightening agents for cellulosic substrates, particularly paper substrates.

Abstract: Disclosed are stilbene compounds of formula I, ##SPC1##in whichR.sub.1 signifies hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl,R.sub.2 signifies hydrogen or methyl,R.sub.3 signifies cyano or a radical --CONR.sub.7 R.sub.8 in which either R.sub.7 and R.sub.8, independently, each signifies hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl or C.sub.2-6 hydroxyalkyl, or R.sub.7 and R.sub.8, together with the nitrogen atom, signify a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine radical,Either R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, independently, each signifiesC.sub.1-6 alkyl or C.sub. 2-6 hydroxyalkyl, or R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, together with the nitrogen atom, form a radical (a) ##EQU1## in which --X-- signifies --CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --S--, a direct bond, or --NR.sub.9 --, in which R.sub.9 signifies C.sub. 1-6 alkyl or C.sub.2-6 hydroxy-alkyl,R.sub.6 signifies hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy, cyano or aminocarbonyl,M signifies hydrogen or a non-chromophoric cation,A.sup.

Abstract: New stilbene derivatives of formula: ##SPC1##In whichR.sub.1 signifies a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a lower alkyl group;R.sub.2 signifies a hydrogen atom; a cycloalkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more lower alkyl groups; or a lower alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by a hydroxyl, lower alkoxy or hydroxysubstituted lower alkoxy group or by a radical of formula (a); ##SPC2##M signifies a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a colourless cation;n signifies 1 or 2; Alkylene signifies C.sub.1.sub.-8 alkylene;And the rings A and B are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms and lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, cyano and SO.sub.3 M groups;The compound containing at least six SO.sub.3 M groups per molecule, are useful as optical brighteners. They are produced by successive condensation of each of the three amino-containing moieties around the triazine nucleus, as an amine, with a cyanuro halide.