Patents by Inventor Rudolf Tromp

Rudolf Tromp has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Patent number: 8586923
    Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to electron microscopy. Example embodiments relate to an apparatus including a first electron beam source, a second electron beam source, and a receiving unit. The first electron beam source is configured to provide a first low-voltage electron beam to a surface of a sample. The second electron beam source is configured to provide a second low-voltage electron beam to pass through the sample. The receiving unit is configured to analyze the first low-voltage electron beam, or the second low-voltage electron beam, or both the first and the second electron beam to obtain information about the sample.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 21, 2012
    Date of Patent: November 19, 2013
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventor: Rudolf Tromp
  • Patent number: 8586919
    Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to electron microscopy. Example embodiments relate to an apparatus including a first electron beam source, a second electron beam source, and a receiving unit. The first electron beam source is configured to provide a first low-voltage electron beam to a surface of a sample. The second electron beam source is configured to provide a second low-voltage electron beam to pass through the sample. The receiving unit is configured to analyze the first low-voltage electron beam, or the second low-voltage electron beam, or both the first and the second electron beam to obtain information about the sample.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 28, 2012
    Date of Patent: November 19, 2013
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventor: Rudolf Tromp
  • Patent number: 8465799
    Abstract: Techniques for producing atomic step-free silicon carbide surfaces are provided. In one aspect, a method for eliminating atomic steps from a silicon carbide surface is provided. The method comprises the following step. The silicon carbide and a silicon-containing gas are contacted at a temperature, background pressure, and for a length of time sufficient to re-arrange the silicon carbide to an atomic step-free surface. The silicon carbide surface can be the top of a mesa or the bottom of a hole patterned in a silicon carbide wafer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 18, 2008
    Date of Patent: June 18, 2013
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: James B. Hannon, Rudolf Tromp
  • Patent number: 7955585
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 14, 2010
    Date of Patent: June 7, 2011
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Patent number: 7883685
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 27, 2010
    Date of Patent: February 8, 2011
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Patent number: 7879307
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotrubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 28, 2010
    Date of Patent: February 1, 2011
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Patent number: 7867469
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 10, 2010
    Date of Patent: January 11, 2011
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Publication number: 20100320438
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 14, 2010
    Publication date: December 23, 2010
    Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Publication number: 20100297833
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotrubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 28, 2010
    Publication date: November 25, 2010
    Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Publication number: 20100291759
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 10, 2010
    Publication date: November 18, 2010
    Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Patent number: 7771695
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotrubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 21, 2006
    Date of Patent: August 10, 2010
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Publication number: 20100170418
    Abstract: Separation of carbon nanotubes or fullerenes according to diameter through non-covalent pi-pi interaction with molecular clips is provided. Molecular clips are prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of polyacenes with a variety of dienophiles. The pi-pi complexes of carbon nanotrubes with molecular clips are also used for selective placement of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes on substrates.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 21, 2006
    Publication date: July 8, 2010
    Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ali Afzali-Ardakani, Cherie R. Kagan, Rudolf Tromp
  • Publication number: 20100065988
    Abstract: Techniques for producing atomic step-free silicon carbide surfaces are provided. In one aspect, a method for eliminating atomic steps from a silicon carbide surface is provided. The method comprises the following step. The silicon carbide and a silicon-containing gas are contacted at a temperature, background pressure, and for a length of time sufficient to re-arrange the silicon carbide to an atomic step-free surface. The silicon carbide surface can be the top of a mesa or the bottom of a hole patterned in a silicon carbide wafer.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 18, 2008
    Publication date: March 18, 2010
    Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: James B. Hannon, Rudolf Tromp
  • Publication number: 20070200062
    Abstract: An energy filtering microscopy instrument is provided. An objective lens is disposed for reception of electrons in order to form an electron diffraction pattern in a backfocal plane of the objective lens. An entrance aperture disposed in the backfocal plane of the objective lens for filtering a slice of the electron diffraction pattern. A magnetic deflector has an entrance plane and an exit plane. The entrance aperture is disposed in the entrance plane. The magnetic deflector is disposed to receive the slice of the electron diffraction pattern and project an energy dispersed electron diffraction pattern to the exit plane. An exit aperture is disposed in the exit plane of the magnetic deflector for selection of desired electron energy of the energy dispersed electron diffraction pattern.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 28, 2006
    Publication date: August 30, 2007
    Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventor: Rudolf Tromp
  • Publication number: 20070200070
    Abstract: An aberration-correcting microscopy instrument is provided. The instrument has a first magnetic deflector disposed for reception of a first non-dispersed electron diffraction pattern. The first magnetic deflector is also configured for projection of a first energy dispersed electron diffraction pattern in an exit plane of the first magnetic deflector. The instrument also has an electrostatic lens disposed in the exit plane of a first magnetic deflector, as well as a second magnetic deflector substantially identical to the first magnetic deflector. The second magnetic deflector is disposed for reception of the first energy dispersed electron diffraction pattern from the electrostatic lens. The second magnetic deflector is also configured for projection of a second non-dispersed electron diffraction pattern in a first exit plane of the second magnetic deflector.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 28, 2006
    Publication date: August 30, 2007
    Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventor: Rudolf Tromp