Abstract: A radiation detector (10; 11; 12) used to detect incident radiation (RR) received at a first side (S1) of the radiation detector (10; 11; 12). The radiation detector (10; 11; 12) includes a scintillator (15) to convert the incident radiation (RR) into converted radiation (CR), a photosensor (20) arranged at a second side (S2) of the radiation detector (10) opposite to the first side (S1) to receive the converted radiation (CR) from the scintillator (15) and an interference optical filter (25) arranged between the scintillator (15) and the photosensor (20). Areas of the scintillator (15) on which the incident radiation (RR) impinges are intended to be imaged onto corresponding areas of the photosensor (20).

Abstract: A method for providing information about a spatial gain distribution of a scintillator for a primary radiation is provided which does not require the irradiation of the scintillator with the primary radiation. The method comprises the step of irradiating the scintillator with a secondary radiation for generating an image of a spatial secondary gain distribution of the scintillator for said second radiation. The spatial secondary gain distribution image corresponds to an image of the spatial primary gain distribution for the primary radiation. In an embodiment of the invention, i.e. in an X-ray imaging device where the primary radiation is X-ray radiation, the invention provides for an accurate calibration of the X-ray detector without irradiating the X-ray detector with X-ray radiation. Rather, irradiation with UV radiation as the secondary radiation provides the desired spatial secondary gain distribution image which can be used for calibration.

Abstract: It is described a method for measuring the sharpness in an X-ray system (100). The measurement is based on a common edge response. An edge device (120) representing the projection device is placed within a beam-shaping device (470). Due to a high geometrical magnification factor the edge response function (241a) and also both an impulse response function (246a) and a modulation transfer function (251a) will predominately depend on the size of the focal spot (112) rather than on a pre-sampling spread function of a detector (130) being used for receiving the X-radiation (117), which has laterally passed the edge device (120).

Abstract: A method for providing information about a spatial gain distribution of a scintillator for a primary radiation is provided which does not require the irradiation of the scintillator with the primary radiation. The method comprises the step of irradiating the scintillator with a secondary radiation for generating an image of a spatial secondary gain distribution of the scintillator for said second radiation. The spatial secondary gain distribution image corresponds to an image of the spatial primary gain distribution for the primary radiation. In an embodiment of the invention, i.e. in an X-rayimaging device where the primary radiation is X-rayradiation, the invention provides for an accurate calibration of the X-raydetector without irradiating the X-raydetector with X-rayradiation. Rather, irradiation with UV radiation as the secondary radiation provides the desired spatial secondary gain distribution image which can be used for calibration.

Abstract: A switchable optical element has a fluid chamber including immiscible first and second bodies of fluid disposed relative to one another along an optical axis of the element. The second body of fluid is movable in a direction away from the optical axis (A) by electro-wetting action, giving the switchable optical element a changeable transmissivity along the optical axis.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising, from the object side to the image side, a front lens group (72), a controllable lens group, and a rear lens group (74), the controllable lens group comprising a voltage-controlled electrowetting device, which device contains a first fluid (A) and a second fluid (B) having different refractive indices, with at least two first fluid-second fluid interfaces (40,42). The curvatures, and thus the lens power, of these interfaces can be changed independently by supplying a voltage (V1, V2) to electrodes (22,32) of the device, so that no mechanical movement of lens elements is needed.

Abstract: A variable focus lens comprising a first fluid (A) and a second, non-miscible, fluid (B) in contact over a meniscus. A first electrode (2) separated from the fluid bodies by a fluid contact layer (10), and a second electrode (12) in contact with the first fluid to cause an electrowetting effect whereby the shape of the meniscus is altered. The fluid contact layer has a substantially cylindrical inner wall.

Abstract: The present invention provides an X-ray examination apparatus, comprising an X-ray source, an X-ray detector, a filter arranged between said source and said detector, said filter comprising an array of filter elements having X-ray absorbtivities that can be adjusted by means of control voltages, a control circuit for supplying said control voltages to said filter elements, and an object support arranged between said filter and said detector, said station being adapted to support an object to be exposed to X-ray radiation emanating from said source, the transmitted X-ray radiation being detected by said detector, said control circuit being adapted to supply said control voltages in single-sequence fashion to groups of adjacent filter elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides an X-ray examination apparatus, comprising