Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for identifying through traffic, entry into and exit from a predefined area are ascertained and the transit time is used to determine whether unauthorized transit through the area has occurred.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for identifying through traffic, entry into and exit from a predefined area are ascertained and the transit time is used to determine whether unauthorized transit through the area has occurred.

Abstract: A visual display monitor of an information system of a motor vehicle is connected not only with the usual engine and vehicle instrumentation, but also with a variety of electrical equipments installed in the motor vehicle which the driver may want to activate and control from time to time. The picture screen of the monitor, preferably of the LCD, electro-luminescence or plasma type, is subdivided into a report region at the top and a region for interactive information such as instructions menus and operation results. All the functions that would otherwise be performed by individual buttons, knobs and switches of the various equipments installed in the vehicle may be simply performed by a series of easily designated choices. One input device has a ball control for directing a cursor on the screen of the monitor, a menu button and an entry button, and may be located on the steering wheel.

Abstract: A visual display monitor of an information system of a motor vehicle is connected not only with the usual engine and vehicle instrumentation, but also with a variety of electrical equipments installed in the motor vehicle which the driver may want to activate and control from time to time. The picture screen of the monitor, preferably of the LCD, electro-luminescence or plasma type, is subdivided into a report region at the top and a region for interactive information such as instructions menus and operation results. All the functions that would otherwise be performed by individual buttons, knobs and switches of the various equipments installed in the vehicle may be simply performed by a series of easily designated choices. One input device has a ball control for directing a cursor on the screen of the monitor, a menu button and an entry button, and may be located on the steering wheel.

Abstract: A thermostatically operated valve uses a valve insert screwed into a tube-shaped stud at a valve housing. The valve insert comprises two spaced-apart valve seats which are located on opposite walls of a chamber provided within the valve insert series-connected in a flow direction with one seat forming a control valve seat and the other seat forming a shut-off valve seat. Between the valve seats, a valve closing body is arranged within the chamber for temperature control operation by a thermostat device. The outlet of the valve is connected to a chamber downstream of the shut-off valve seat and a throttling bore connects the chamber between both valve seats with the outlet of the valve. A removal of the thermostat device allows the valve closing body to be urged against the shut-off valve seat by a spring within the valve insert while maintaining a flow through the throttling bore.

Abstract: A control unit is formed of a housing containing a filter with an inlet and outlet in line above the filter, the latter forming a channel with the housing; a pressure reducer is positioned between the inlet and the outlet above the filter. A rotary valve positioned between the filter and the pressure reducer reverses the flow in the unit. A plug-valve is located in the housing to provide drainage and the plug-valve is connected to the rotary valve so that on reversal of flow, the plug-valve opens to drain the unit.