Abstract: This application discloses a sensing method and a communication apparatus, to improve sensing performance. The method includes: A first communication apparatus determines first information, where the first information indicates a pulse repetition interval PRI. The first communication apparatus sends the first information to a second communication apparatus. Correspondingly, the second communication apparatus receives the first information from the first communication apparatus. The first information is used by the second communication apparatus to send a reference signal, and a periodicity of the reference signal in time domain is less than or equal to the PRI. The second communication apparatus sends the reference signal to the first communication apparatus based on the first information. Correspondingly, the first communication apparatus receives the reference signal from the second communication apparatus. The first communication apparatus senses a to-be-sensed target based on the reference signal.

Abstract: This application provides a sensing method and a communication apparatus, which are applied to a wireless local area network system supporting IEEE 802.11bf, or may be applied to a wireless local area network system supporting IEEE 802.11ax, IEEE 802.11be, or another IEEE 802.11 series protocol, to optimize a time interaction problem in sensing measurement session termination. The method includes: A first apparatus receives first indication information from a second apparatus, where the first indication information indicates that the second apparatus requests the first apparatus not to send a first message to the second apparatus within first duration after a first sensing measurement session is terminated, or indicates that the second apparatus does not send a first message to the first apparatus within first duration after a first sensing measurement session is terminated.

Abstract: A communication method includes: A first device receives a plurality of NDPs from a second device, where one of the plurality of NDPs corresponds to one piece of CSI; and when a first condition is met, the first device sends first information to a third device, where the first information indicates that a CSI change degree exceeds a first threshold; and the first condition includes: a first CSI change degree in a plurality of CSI change degrees of the first device exceeds the first threshold, or a ratio of a quantity of CSI change degrees that exceed the first threshold in the plurality of CSI change degrees to the plurality of CSI change degrees is greater than a second threshold, where the plurality of CSI change degrees are determined based on pieces of CSI corresponding to the plurality of NDPs.

Abstract: A sensing communication method and apparatus are applied to the field of communication technologies. This application may be applied to a wireless local area network system supporting a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol (for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT) of IEEE 802.11ax, a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol (for example, Wi-Fi 8 or UHR) of IEEE 802.11be, Wi-Fi AI, a millimeter wave (mmWave), an ultra-wideband (UWB), or sensing (sensing). For example, after generating a PPDU based on Q time-variant function values, a first communication apparatus sends the PPDU. After receiving the PPDU, a second communication apparatus may parse the PPDU based on the Q time-variant function values agreed on by the second communication apparatus and the first communication apparatus. According to the method provided in embodiments of this application, information transmission security is improved, and user privacy is effectively preserved.

Abstract: There is provided a method for WLAN sensing protection. A symmetric key is established between an initiator and a responder. The symmetric key is used to parameterize a transformation function. When measurement signals are transmitted by the initiator, they are first transformed by the transformation function. When these measurement signals are received at the responder, the responder applies the inverse of the transformation function to the received signal. The responder may then analyze the received and transformed signal and provide a measurement report back to the initiator.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the electrochemical field, and in particular, to a positive electrode material and a preparation method and usage thereof. The positive electrode material of this disclosure includes a substrate, where a general formula of the substrate is LixNiyCOzMkMepOrAm, where 0.95?x?1.05, 0.5?y?1, 0?z?1, 0?k?1, 0?p?0.1, 1?r?5.2, 0?m?2, m+r?2, Mis selected from one or more of Mn and Al, Me is selected from one or more of Zr, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti, Sr, Sb, Y, W, and Nb, and A is selected from one or more of N, F, S, and Cl; and an oxygen defect level of the positive electrode material satisfies at least one of condition (1) or condition (2): (1) 1.77?OD1?1.90; or (2) 0.69?OD2?0.74.

Abstract: A processing apparatus includes a processor. The processing apparatus is a first access point (AP). When the processor executes a computer program stored in a memory, the processing apparatus is caused to: separately send, to N access points (APs), first request frames corresponding to the N APs. The first request frames are used by the N APs to initiate a multi-AP joint sensing by proxy request, and N is a positive integer. The processing apparatus is also caused to separately receive, from the N APs, first response frames corresponding to the N APs. The first response frames indicate the multi-AP joint sensing by proxy request is accepted.

Abstract: This application provides a sensing measurement information exchange apparatus, applied to a first station. The apparatus includes: a transceiver unit, configured to receive sensing measurement report information sent by a second station, where the sensing measurement report information includes N groups of first measurement results, where the N groups of first measurement results are in a one-to-one correspondence with N first transmission paths between the first station and the second station, and each group of first measurement results includes an angle of arrival, relative time of flight, and a Doppler frequency shift of a corresponding first transmission path; and a processing unit, configured to obtain angles of arrival, relative time of flight, and Doppler frequency shifts of the N first transmission paths based on the sensing measurement report information. This application implements measurement of locations and instantaneous speeds of a plurality of passive targets.

Abstract: This application relates to the wireless communication field and is applied to a sensing system supporting, for example, the 802.11bf protocol or a next-generation sensing protocol, and in particular, relates to a PPDU transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: An AP generates and sends a data frame, where a MAC header of the data frame includes indication information, used to determine transmit power of a PPDU from a STA and a quantity of HE-LTFs/EHT-LTFs in the PPDU. According to this application, communication and sensing measurement can be simultaneously performed. This application is further applied to a WLAN system that supports 802.11ax and a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol, for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, or for another example, 802.11 series protocols such as a next generation of 802.11be, like Wi-Fi 8, UHR, and Wi-Fi AI, and may be further applied to a UWB-based WPAN system.

Abstract: A method includes: A first node sends a threshold and a first packet to a second node. Correspondingly, the second node receives the threshold and the first packet from the first node. Then, the second node determines first channel state information CSI based on the first packet. If a change amount of the first CSI relative to preset CSI exceeds the threshold, the second node sends a second packet to the first node. If the change amount of the first CSI relative to the preset CSI does not exceed the threshold, the second node does not need to send the second packet to the first node. The method is applied to a radio sensing process.

Abstract: A sensing method includes determining, by a first communication apparatus, first information. The first information indicates a pulse repetition interval (PRI). The sensing method also includes sending, by the first communication apparatus, the first information to a second communication apparatus. The first information is used by the second communication apparatus to send a reference signal, and a periodicity of the reference signal in time domain is less than or equal to the PRI. The sensing method further includes receiving, by the first communication apparatus, the reference signal from the second communication apparatus. The sending method additionally includes sensing, by the first communication apparatus, a to-be-sensed target based on the reference signal.

Abstract: A communication method and a related apparatus are provided. An SBP initiator determines a first request frame, and transmits the first request frame to a sensing by proxy (SBP) responder. When a value of a first field in the first request frame indicates that a preferred sensing responder in a preferred sensing responder list carried in the first request frame is mandatory, a second field and/or a third field in the first request frame are/is not reserved fields/a reserved field. The second field indicates a number of sensing responders requested by the SBP initiator, and the third field indicates whether the number of sensing responders is mandatory.

Abstract: A dual-person dual-machine measurement method for mining and transportation equipment is provided, including an intelligent measurement module, a measurement user module, and a measurement task module. The intelligent measurement module includes two inspectors conducting inspections in opposite directions and Augmented Reality (AR) glasses carried by the inspectors, and is configured to collect data based on Hololens equipment. The measurement user module is built into edge computers carried by the inspectors and includes a multi-user collaborative platform, where the multi-user collaborative platform measures working-face mining-transportation pose data under AR assistance and performs data processing operations, and the multi-user collaborative platform enables real-time collaboration of measurement perspectives and data among multiple users.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A first apparatus determines weighting information N streams of sensing sequences of a second apparatus, where N is a positive integer; and the first apparatus sends a first sensing frame, where the first sensing frame includes the weighting information. After receiving the first sensing frame, the second apparatus may weight the N streams of sensing sequences of the second apparatus based on the weighting information, of the N streams of sensing sequences, in the first sensing frame, and then perform transmission.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the electrochemical field, and in particular, to a positive electrode material and a preparation method and usage thereof. The positive electrode material of this disclosure includes a substrate, where a general formula of the substrate is LixNiyCozMkMepOrAm, where 0.95?x?1.05, 0.5?y?1, 0?z?1, 0?k?1, 0?p?0.1, 1?r?5.2, 0?m?2, m+r?2, Mis selected from one or more of Mn and Al, Me is selected from one or more of Zr, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti, Sr, Sb, Y, W, and Nb, and A is selected from one or more of N, F, S, and Cl; and an oxygen defect level of the positive electrode material satisfies at least one of condition (1) or condition (2): (1) 1.77?OD1?1.90; or (2) 0.69?OD2?0.74.

Abstract: A radar measurement method and an apparatus are disclosed, which relate to the field of communications technologies, and are used to support radar measurement in a wireless local area network (WLAN). The method includes: An access point (AP) generates a first frame, where the first frame includes radar measurement information. Then the AP sends the first frame to M stations (STAs), to configure the way the M STAs perform radar measurement. This application is applicable to a radar measurement procedure.

Abstract: An information indication method and apparatus in the communications field are both provided. The method includes generating a PPDU including radar indication information that is used to indicate that the PPDU is used for radar testing, and then transmitting the PPDU. According to the method, the transmit end explicitly indicates that the PPDU is used for radar testing rather than a PPDU used for communication between communications devices. When a receive end receives the PPDU, the receive end no longer monitors a channel, thereby reducing power consumption of the receive end.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a pressure-resistant positive active material and an electrochemical energy storage apparatus. The positive active material includes secondary particles composed of primary particles, and a quantity ? of primary particles per unit sphere area in a SEM graph of the secondary particles is 5/?m2 to 30/?m2. A single-particle pressure-resistant strength of the secondary particles is 60 MPa to 300 MPa. A molecular formula of the positive active material is LixNiyCOzMkMepOrAm, where 0.95?x?1.05, 0?y?1, 0?z?1, 0?k?1, 0?p?0.1, 1?r?2, 0?m?2, and m+r?2. The positive active material in this application has a compact particle structure and a high single-particle pressure-resistant strength. A lithium-ion battery using the positive active material in this application has good cycle performance, a low volume swelling rate, and good kinetic performance.

Abstract: A communication method includes a first device that determines channel state information based on a first frame that is used for channel measurement and that is sent by a second device, performs conjugate transpose and QR decomposition to obtain a matrix R and a matrix Q, and sends, to the second device, the matrix Q indicating attribute information of a target path.

Abstract: An airframe structure and an unmanned aerial vehicle thereof is disclosed, which belongs to the technical field of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The airframe structure includes: a main airframe; at least two main wings, which are symmetrically provided on the two sides of the main airframe, and which are provided with a propeller and a motor to provide power to the propeller; an upper vertical tail wing, which is provided at the upper end of the main airframe; and a lower vertical tail wing, which is provided at the lower end of the main airframe. The characteristics of a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle and a multi-rotor-wing unmanned aerial vehicle are considered.