Abstract: The present disclosure relates to resource reservation methods. One example method includes receiving, by a controller, a resource reservation request that is of a communication session and that is sent by a sending device, where the resource reservation request carries resource requirement information, obtaining, by the controller based on the resource reservation request, identification information of a network device through which data transmission of the communication session to be performed between the sending device and a receiving device passes, and a resource index of the network device, sending, by the controller, the resource requirement information and the resource index to the network device based on the identification information, where the resource requirement information and the resource index are used to instruct the network device to configure a resource for the communication session, and sending, by the controller, the identification information and the resource index to the sending device.

Abstract: This application discloses a multicast forwarding method and a multicast router. The method includes: listening to, by a first multicast router, a plurality of unicast packets passing through the first multicast router, and determining a set of unicast packets that are from a same upstream multicast router and that belong to a same unicast stream; when determining that destination addresses of at least two unicast packets in the unicast packet set are different, sending, by the first multicast router, a prune message to the upstream multicast router; and sending, by the first multicast router, the received unicast packets with the multicast identifier to the destination devices corresponding to the destination address group. The method is used to provide a new multicast method, so as to implement multicast functions of some routers in an existing unicast network architecture.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a period mapping method and a network device. The method includes: receiving, by a downstream first network device, first information sent by an upstream second network device, where the first information carries a number of the 1st period of the second network device, the number is referred to as a first number, and the first number includes a first label number and a first group number; and establishing, by the first network device, mapping relationships between numbers of a plurality of periods of the first network device and numbers of a plurality of periods of the second network device based on a mapping relationship between a second label number and a second group number that are included in a number of a first period that can be used to send the first information and a first label number and a first group number.

Abstract: This application provides a resource reservation method and an apparatus. The method includes: receiving, by a node, a first message, where the first message carries a bandwidth value r1 of a resource requested to be reserved and a quantity Q1 of cycles occupied by the resource, the node maintains resource reservation states in K cycles, K is a positive integer, and Q1 is less than or equal to K; and updating, by the node, resource reservation states in Q1 of the K cycles based on the bandwidth value r1 and the quantity Q1. The node maintains the resource reservation states at a granularity of cycles. Therefore, the resource reservation states that need to be maintained by the node do not depend on a quantity of data flows processed by the node, and a performance requirement of a resource reservation for the node can be lowered.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a packet processing method, which is applied to a first node. The method includes: obtaining N first packets, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and each of the first packets includes a first label; and sending the N first packets in a sending period corresponding to the first label.

Abstract: This application provides a multicast service implementation method and apparatus. The method includes: receiving, by a first network device, a first unicast join message sent by a second network device, where the first unicast join message is used to request to join a multicast group, a source address of the first unicast join message is an address of the second network device, and a destination address of the first unicast join message is a multicast source address or a rendezvous point (RP) address; and establishing, by the first network device, a tunnel from the first network device to the second network device based on the first unicast join message. The multicast service implementation method and apparatus in embodiments of this application help improve availability of a multicast service.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to resource reservation methods. One example method includes receiving, by a controller, a resource reservation request that is of a communication session and that is sent by a sending device, where the resource reservation request carries resource requirement information, obtaining, by the controller based on the resource reservation request, identification information of a network device through which data transmission of the communication session to be performed between the sending device and a receiving device passes, and a resource index of the network device, sending, by the controller, the resource requirement information and the resource index to the network device based on the identification information, where the resource requirement information and the resource index are used to instruct the network device to configure a resource for the communication session, and sending, by the controller, the identification information and the resource index to the sending device.

Abstract: This application discloses a multicast forwarding method and a multicast router. The method includes: listening to, by a first multicast router, a plurality of unicast packets passing through the first multicast router, and determining a set of unicast packets that are from a same upstream multicast router and that belong to a same unicast stream; when determining that destination addresses of at least two unicast packets in the unicast packet set are different, sending, by the first multicast router, a prune message to the upstream multicast router; and sending, by the first multicast router, the received unicast packets with the multicast identifier to the destination devices corresponding to the destination address group. The method is used to provide a new multicast method, so as to implement multicast functions of some routers in an existing unicast network architecture.

Abstract: A data transmission method, apparatus, and system the method including obtaining, in response to target data being received, and by a network device in a data transmission system comprising a user equipment, a server, and the network device, target context information from the server, where the server stores the target context information of the user equipment, and where the target data is associated with the user equipment, forwarding, by the network device, the target data according to the target context information, and deleting the target context information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing 1-octene in the presence of a catalyst system for ethylene oligomerization, which includes: premixing a part of ethylene gas as raw material with a solvent, mixing with the components a+b, c and d of the catalyst system, and then sending in a reactor; directly sending the rest of ethylene gas in the reactor; discharging the resultant liquid from the upper part of the reactor into an overflow channel; adding a catalysis stopping agent to the overflow channel; and then separating the resultant liquid. The advantages of the method are high selectivity of 1-octene and high catalytic activity.