Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and devices for inserting and extracting a pilot sequence according to a pilot mapping indicating a location for inserting the pilot sequence in a plurality of time-frequency resources. One example method includes inserting, by a transmitter according to pilot mappings corresponding to Nt transmit antenna ports by using Nt orthogonal pilot sequences that are different from each other, a pilot sequence corresponding to each of the transmit antenna ports into OFDM symbols that are included in the pilot mapping corresponding to the transmit antenna port. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the Nt pilot sequences and the Nt transmit antenna ports of the transmitter, where Nt is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The pilot mappings corresponding to the transmit antenna ports are the same among the Nt transmit antenna ports.

Abstract: A multiple object tracking system has a system controller with a placement block placing target objects and distractor objects within a 3D display space upon a representation of a solid ground, an assignment block assigning respective trajectories for movement of each of the objects, and an animation block defining an animated sequence of images showing the ground and the objects following the respective trajectories. A visual display presents images to a user including the animated sequence of images and a ground representation. A manual input device is adapted to respond to manual input from the user to select objects believed to be the target objects after presentation of the animated sequence. Preferably, the animation block incorporates a plurality of 3D cues applied to each of the objects, such as 3D perspective, parallax, 3D illumination, binocular disparity, and differing occlusion.

Abstract: A virtual reality (VR) based driving simulation system and method provides hazard perception training and testing. Some embodiments use a personal computing device (e.g., smartphone), a head-mounted VR headset, and a Bluetooth-connected push button keypad or other user input device. An immersive, 3D simulator enables users to experience and learn from hazardous scenarios without risking injury. Performance by a user in perceiving a hazard is compiled as a metric in a user profile stored on a server, and continued training and testing can be conducted with updated scenarios supplied by the server in accordance with the metric associated with a user.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a data forwarding control method and system, a controller, and an access device. The method includes: after receiving a first control request of a first access point AP, obtaining, by a first controller, a network address of the first AP, where the first control request is used to request the first controller to manage the first AP; sending a network address of a first forwarding device to the first AP, instructing the first AP to send user data to the first forwarding device, sending the network address of the first AP and a predefined data forwarding rule to the first forwarding device, and instructing the first forwarding device to forward the user data of the first AP according to the predefined data forwarding rule. The present invention implements control, by a controller, on AP service data forwarding, and improves a WLAN throughput.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for scheduling an access point of a wireless local area network, including: receiving, by a first controller in a current scheduling period of a network running state, performance statistical data of a last scheduling period reported by a plurality of access points in a first access point cluster in the last scheduling period, where the first access point cluster includes the first controller and the plurality of access points connected to the first controller; generating a scheduling scheme for the plurality of access points for a next scheduling period according to the performance statistical information; and broadcasting the scheduling scheme to the plurality of access points. According to the method, impact on other access points due to communications between different access points and user equipments are reduced in a wireless local area network with a plurality of access points.

Abstract: In the embodiments of the present invention, an error correction mechanism is established as follows: After traffic is preliminarily controlled, an error is corrected based on a traffic control result, that is, a previously determined cause of packet loss is corrected, and then the traffic is controlled again.

Abstract: Provided are a data packet transmission system and method, the system includes: an Agent device, a first connecting device, a MAC array, a second connecting device, a PHY array, a third connecting device and an RF array, where the Agent device sends data of a first data frame to the first connecting device, and the first connecting device sends a data packet to a destination MAC device in the MAC array; the destination MAC device sends a second data frame to the second connecting device; the second connecting device sends the data packet to a destination PHY device in the PHY array; the destination PHY device sends a third data frame to the third connecting device; and the third connecting device sends the data packet to a destination RF device in the RF array, and the destination RF device sends the data packet to a user side.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a network communication method, including obtaining, by a second convergence control apparatus after receiving an indication message sent by a first convergence control apparatus, a preset proportion of service data from service data that the first convergence control apparatus needs to transmit and performing, by the second convergence control apparatus, parameter matching on the preset proportion of service data according to a system parameter of a current communications standard The method also includes transmitting, by the second convergence control apparatus, the matched preset proportion of service data by using a corresponding data link layer. The embodiments further disclose a network communications apparatus.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a control information sending method and apparatus, where the method includes: obtaining a control information indication message from a first standard network, selecting a second standard network from one or more other networks that constitute a heterogeneous network with the first standard network, and sending the control information indication message to the second standard network, and then to a client over the second standard network. The control information indication message is used to instruct to substitutively send control information of the first standard network. According to the method and apparatus provided, the control information of the first standard network is substitutively sent over the second standard network, and sending the control information does not need to occupy bandwidth of the first standard network. Therefore, in comparison with the prior art, a network capacity of service data sent over the first standard network can be increased.

Abstract: A wireless network control apparatus including a receiver configured to obtain a network information of a first-standard network, a processor configured to determine an instruction information which includes the network information that is of the first-standard network and that is obtained by the receiver, and a transmitter, configured to send the instruction information determined by the processor to a second-standard network, so that the second-standard network sends the network information of the first-standard network to a terminal, where the terminal works in the second-standard network.

Abstract: Embodiments disclose a multiple-communications-standard transmission method and apparatus. The method includes when both a WLAN communications standard and a wireless cellular communications standard are available, sending, by a transmit end supporting multiple communications standards by preferentially using the WLAN communications standard, a service flow of a service session to a receive end supporting multiple communications standards. The method also includes in response to that a first switch condition is met, switching, by the transmit end at a data link layer, to using the wireless cellular communications standard for continuous transmission of the service flow, where the first switch condition includes at least that a WLAN communication link fails in communication.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides an address identifier allocation method, a related device, and a system. The address identifier allocation method may include: receiving, by a control plane node, a first service request message that is from a first user plane access node and that carries a first user terminal identifier; searching, by the control plane node, a stored valid address allocation record for a valid address allocation record that matches the first user terminal identifier; if a first valid address allocation record that matches the first user terminal identifier is found in the stored valid address allocation record, allocating a first address identifier recorded in the first valid address allocation record to a first user terminal indicated by the first user terminal identifier; The solution of the present invention helps reduce complexity of allocation and management of an address identifier of a user terminal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method, a sender device, and a receiver device. The method includes: sending, by a sender device, to-be-transmitted data to a receiver device according to a transmission policy; and receiving, by the sender device, feedback information sent by the receiver device. In this process, for to-be-transmitted data after a guard interval in a last radio frame of any scheduling window, the sender device sends the to-be-transmitted data according to the transmission policy, so that no timeout occurs when the sender device is waiting for the feedback information, thereby achieving an objective of improving data transmission efficiency.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a data forwarding control method and system, a controller, and an access device. The method includes: after receiving a first control request of a first access point AP, obtaining, by a first controller, a network address of the first AP, where the first control request is used to request the first controller to manage the first AP; sending a network address of a first forwarding device to the first AP, instructing the first AP to send user data to the first forwarding device, sending the network address of the first AP and a predefined data forwarding rule to the first forwarding device, and instructing the first forwarding device to forward the user data of the first AP according to the predefined data forwarding rule. The present invention implements control, by a controller, on AP service data forwarding, and improves a WLAN throughput.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and devices for inserting and extracting a pilot sequence according to a pilot mapping indicating a location for inserting the pilot sequence in a plurality of time-frequency resources. One example method includes inserting, by a transmitter according to pilot mappings corresponding to Nt transmit antenna ports by using Nt orthogonal pilot sequences that are different from each other, a pilot sequence corresponding to each of the transmit antenna ports into OFDM symbols that are included in the pilot mapping corresponding to the transmit antenna port. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the Nt pilot sequences and the Nt transmit antenna ports of the transmitter, where Nt is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The pilot mappings corresponding to the transmit antenna ports are the same among the Nt transmit antenna ports.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a data sending method and device. The data sending method includes: determining, by a transmitting device, a busy/idle state of a wireless communications channel and a communication status of a receiving device before sending data to the receiving device, where the transmitting device is a wireless access node or the transmitting device is a station, and the receiving device is a wireless access node or the receiving device is a station. The method also includes sending, by the transmitting device, the data to the receiving device if the wireless communications channel is in a busy state and the receiving device is in an idle communication state.

Abstract: Provided are a data packet transmission system and method, the system includes: an Agent device, a first connecting device, a MAC array, a second connecting device, a PHY array, a third connecting device and an RF array, where the Agent device sends data of a first data frame to the first connecting device, and the first connecting device sends a data packet to a destination MAC device in the MAC array; the destination MAC device sends a second data frame to the second connecting device; the second connecting device sends the data packet to a destination PHY device in the PHY array; the destination PHY device sends a third data frame to the third connecting device; and the third connecting device sends the data packet to a destination RF device in the RF array, and the destination RF device sends the data packet to a user side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for scheduling an access point of a wireless local area network, including: receiving, by a first controller in a current scheduling period of a network running state, performance statistical data of a last scheduling period reported by a plurality of access points in a first access point cluster in the last scheduling period, where the first access point cluster includes the first controller and the plurality of access points connected to the first controller; generating a scheduling scheme for the plurality of access points for a next scheduling period according to the performance statistical information; and broadcasting the scheduling scheme to the plurality of access points. According to the method, impact on other access points due to communications between different access points and user equipments are reduced in a wireless local area network with a plurality of access points.

Abstract: Embodiments of a coating composition and coating method for seeds are described, the coating including molybdenum and a sulfur-containing component and being for improving seed and seedling performance. The preferred molybdenum source is molybdenum trioxide, and the preferred sulfur source is gypsum. After planting, the seed coating provides protection for the seed during dry spells until moisture is received and seed growth is established. During the establishment period for legumes, the invented seed coating serves as a protective coat for the seed under adverse growing conditions, such as temperature and moisture extremes. Within a few days of emergence of legume seedlings, the invented coating stimulates and/or feeds the Rhizobium bacteria that is in place on the seed and speeds up formation of the Rhizobium, which fixes/feeds nitrogen to the plant. The coating and method may also include inoculation with Rhizobium, and, optionally, other nutrients, pesticides, or herbicides and a binder.