Abstract: The present disclosure provides a refrigerator and a refrigerator air duct purification system and belongs to the field of refrigerator purification technologies. A refrigeration air duct front foam is fixed at a rear side of a refrigeration air duct backplate. A light-source-oriented light transmission assembly is disposed at a front side of the refrigeration air duct backplate. An air outlet penetrating back and forth is disposed on the refrigeration air duct front foam, the refrigeration air duct backplate and the light-source-oriented light transmission assembly. An outlet air end of the air outlet is in communication with the refrigeration chamber. In a main air duct are disposed an ion generator, an air quality sensor, and an ethylene concentration sensor. A control board is initially in a determination state to determine by a door opening/closing sensor whether a refrigeration door is opened, and if the refrigeration door is opened, start up an ion purification mode.