Abstract: A chronic disease prediction system based on a multi-task learning model. The system includes a computer memory, a computer processor and a computer program which is stored in the computer memory and executable on the computer processor, wherein a trained chronic disease prediction model is stored in the computer memory, and the chronic disease prediction model is composed of a shared layer convolutional neural network and a plurality of chronic disease branch networks; and when executing the computer program, the computer processor implements the following steps: preprocessing a to-be-predicted physical examination record and then inputting the record into the shared layer convolutional neural network of the chronic disease prediction model for feature extraction to obtain a feature map, and inputting the obtained feature map into each chronic disease branch network and performing feature extraction and prediction respectively to obtain a chronic disease prediction result.