Abstract: A heated battery cell holder includes an upper cell holder having a plurality of holders each configured for securing an upper portion of one of a plurality of battery cells, respectively. A lower cell holder includes a plurality of holders each configured for securing a lower portion of one of the battery cells, respectively. An upper heating element is embedded in the upper cell holder for heating the upper portion of each of the battery cells, and a lower heating element is embedded in the lower cell holder for heating the lower portion of each of the battery cells.

Abstract: A heated battery cell conductor includes an upper conductor having a plurality of tabs each configured for direct physical contact with a battery terminal at a top end of one of a plurality of battery cells, respectively. A lower conductor includes a plurality of tabs each configured for direct physical contact with a battery terminal at a bottom end of one of the battery cells, respectively. The upper conductor and the lower conductor each include a conductor substrate configured for conducting an electrical current, a thermally conductive and electrically isolated layer disposed on the conductor substrate, a channel formed in the thermally conductive and electrically isolated layer, and a resistive heating element disposed in the channel such that the upper conductor and the lower conductor each conduct heat to the battery cells via the resistive heating element.

Abstract: A battery module includes a monoblock comprising one or more battery cells, a first power path electrically coupled to the monoblock and electrically couplable to one or more terminals, a switching device coupled to the first power path and configured to open and to close a circuit thereof, a control system that controls the switching device, and a second power path electrically coupled to the monoblock. The second power path is configured to provide power to the control system. An absence of a voltage signal from the second power path detected by the control system causes the switching device to open to electrically disconnect the one or more terminals of the first power path. Detection of the voltage signal from the second power path by the control system may cause the switching device to close to electrically connect the one or more terminals of the first power path.