Abstract: A method and apparatus for predicting cardiac dysfunction simultaneously assesses the modulation of the rate of atrial depolarization and the modulation of the rate of ventricular depolarization to monitor the interaction of the sino-atrial and atrio-ventricular pacemakers of the heart. The atrial and ventricular rate signals are formed from fiducial markers in the electrocardiogram or intracardiac electrogram corresponding to atrial and ventricular depolarization. The rate signals are characterized with a measure of their modulation, and are then compared to predict episodes of cardiac dysfunction.

Abstract: The gas sample identification apparatus transmits at least one beam of light of predefined frequency band through a gas sample present in a gas sampling chamber. The presence and concentration of various agents in the gas sample are determined by a linear variable filter that selectively passes the light beam transmitted through the gas sample chamber to an array of detectors. The detectors are positioned to receive only a narrow passband component of the light beam. The output signals from the array of detectors is processed by a multivariate statistical processor to accurately identify both the presence and concentration of one or more agents contained in the gas sample.

Abstract: The gas sample identification apparatus transmits at least one beam of light of predefined frequency band through a gas sample present in a gas sampling chamber. The presence and concentration of various agents in the gas sample are determined by a linear variable filter that selectively passes the light beam transmitted through the gas sample chamber to an array of detectors. The detectors are positioned to receive only a narrow passband component of the light beam. The output signals from the array of detectors is processed by a multivariate statistical processor to accurately identify both the presence and concentration of one or more agents contained in the gas sample.