Abstract: A sensor and associated methods wherein a bolt or rod stem includes a flow path through and across the stem. A source of radiation within the stem is configured to direct radiation through the flow path and a detector subsystem in the stem is configured to detect radiation passing through the flow path. A head includes electrical conductors for the radiation source and detector subsystem resulting in a compact, inexpensive sensor.

Abstract: A sensor and associated methods wherein a bolt or rod stem includes a flow path through and across the stem. A source of radiation within the stem is configured to direct radiation through the flow path and a detector subsystem in the stem is configured to detect radiation passing through the flow path. A head includes electrical conductors for the radiation source and detector subsystem resulting in a compact, inexpensive sensor.

Abstract: A sample holder and compactor system (10), for use in an industrial NMR (or like) instrument, wherein particulate non-uniform samples can be loaded and compacted. The system comprises a tubular holder/compactor member (20) with an internal sleeve (26) and a ram (30), all fabricated from materials that are non-interactive with the excitation NMR fields and do not interfere with the sample analysis and provides a repeatable, simple way of handling disparate materials in routine repeatable ways ensuring reliable NMR analyses.

Abstract: Monitoring apparatus (10) of particles in a gas stream comprising a probe (12) and circuit (14) for detecting electrical activity of the probe and an actuator (20) for insertion and retraction of the probe into and out of the stream, the circuit providing periodic measurement of the retracted probe and self-adjustment to compensate for changing probe characteristics. The apparatus also provided probe cleaning and protection means (30, 32, 34, 36), which work in interaction with the self-check instrumentation. The self-check tests include baseline, gain and sensitivity monitoring.

Abstract: Airborne dust concentration in a silo or the like is measured by inducing flow in one or more Venturi nozzles (10) located in the area of airborne dust. A triboelectric sensor probe electrode (20) is located at the nozzle inlet section (12) and flow is induced by a feed of inductive air through an annular channel located in the wall of the nozzle downstream of the electrode.

Abstract: A non-intrusive apparatus for detecting dry solids flow having a critical, flow cross section of less than 0.2 square inches defining a critical flow path including a friction sensitive electrode with a bore and an insulator for insulating the electrode from electrical interference, an exterior flow path communicating with the critical flow path and, electrode lead and a readout communicating with the friction sensitive electrode for monitoring charge transfer created by friction within the friction sensitive electrode, the electrode lead constructed for insulating the electrode from electrical interference.