Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for calculating the service life of a material under the action of a thermal shock load. The method includes steps of obtaining test results at different thermal shock temperatures and a thermal shock cycle number according to a thermal shock test, and calculating a temperature rise rate to temperature drop rate ratio Rv; calculating a corresponding stress intensity factor ?K according to a crack length a measured in the test; calculating a thermal stress ? at the notch and a notch stress concentration coefficient kt of the test specimen; calculating a stress intensity factor threshold ?Kth according to the crack length a measured in the test; and substituting the obtained the stress intensity factor ?K, stress intensity factor threshold ?Kth and temperature rise rate to temperature drop rate ratio Rv into a thermal fatigue crack growth model.