Abstract: The present invention provides pyruvic acid oximes of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, cinnamyloxy, phenylamino, phenyl-N-alkylamino or phenylthio radical or an aryl or aryloxy radical, the aryl moiety of which can be substituted one or more times by C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, halogen, hydroxyl, trifluoromethyl, amino, acetylamino, nitrile, nitro or methylenedioxy, A is a straight-chained or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain containing up to 10 carbon atoms, which can be substituted one or more times by halogen or hydroxyl, and R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl radical, which can be substituted one or more times by halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile, phenyl or carboxyl, or is a nitrile or formyl group, with the proviso that when R--A-- is a methyl or ethyl radical, R.sub.1 is not a methyl radical or a nitrile group and when R--A-- is a benzyl radical, R.sub.

Abstract: A pyruvic acid hydrazone derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an aryl radical optionally substituted by lower alkyl or is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which can be substituted by a lower alkoxy, a cycloalkyl or an optionally substituted aryl radical,A is an alkylene radical containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, with at least 2 carbon atoms between B and the nitrogen atom, andB is an oxygen or sulphur atom;or a physiologically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof which possesses hypoglycaemic activity.

Abstract: 2-Substituted-1-aziridine-carboxylic acid esters exhibiting immuno-stimulant activity and of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is a carbamoyl or alkoxycarbonyl radical, andR.sup.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical optionally substituted by halogen, alkoxy, amino, carbamoyloxy, cycloalkyl, hydroxyl, an imido or heterocyclic radical, cycloalkyl; or aryl, aralkyl, aryloxyalkyl or arylthioalkyl wherein the aryl moiety is optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, amino, nitro, cyano, acyl, carbalkoxy, thioalkyl, alkylsulphonyl, phenyl or trifluoromethyl. Counterparts where X is --CN and R.sup.1 is as above, except for ethyl, are also new.

Abstract: Phenylacetic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is an aryl radical optionally substituted by halogen, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkyl-substituted amino or aryloxy, or a heterocyclic ring system optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl or alkoxy,Y is a valency bond or an optionally branched alkylene radical containing up to 3 carbon atoms, andR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical,or a physiologically compatible salt or ester thereof, exhibit marked hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity.

Abstract: Phenyl-alkane-carboxylic acids of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is an aryl, aralkyl or arylvinyl radical optionally substituted by hydroxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, alkylthio, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkyl-substituted amino, aryloxy or alkoxy-substituted aryloxy, or is an aryloxyalkyl or arylthioalkyl radical, or a heterocyclic ring system optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl or alkoxy,Y is a valency bond or an unbranched or branched lower alkylene radical containing up to 3 carbon atoms,X is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, there being at least 2 carbon atoms between the benzene ring and the carboxyl group, andR is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical, as well as physiologically compatible salts, esters and amides thereof, exhibit hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity.

Abstract: Phenylacetic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is an aryl radical optionally substituted by halogen, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkyl-substituted amino or aryloxy, or a heterocyclic ring system optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl or alkoxy,Y is a valency bond or an optionally branched alkylene radical containing up to 3 carbon atoms, andR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical,or a physiologically compatible salt or ester thereof, exhibit marked hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity.

Abstract: A 2-hydrazonopropionic acid derivative of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, andX is a valency bond or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing up to 4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that when X is a valency bond, R cannot be saturated cycloalkyl, ora physiologically compatible salt, lower alkyl ester or amide thereof, which exhibit hypoglycaemic activity.

Abstract: A 2-hydrazono-propionic acid derivative of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, each independently is hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, hydroxyl, acyloxy or alkoxy or together are methylenedioxy, andX is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 2-4 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by an alkyl radical in the .beta.- or .gamma.-position to the nitrogen atom,Or a physiologically compatible salt, ester or amide thereof, which exhibit hypoglycaemically activity.

Abstract: An N-substituted carboxylic acid amide of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a valency bond or an oxygen or sulphur atom or a methylene, ethylene, vinylene, ethyleneoxa or ethylenethia radical,V is a trivalent hydrocarbon radical containing up to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is hydrogen, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group or an alkyl or alkoxy radical,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, a hydroxyl group or an alkoxy radical,Y is an alkylene radical containing up to 3 carbon atoms,X is a valency bond or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing up to 6 carbon atoms, andD is a hydroxymethyl, formyl, free or esterified carboxyl or an N-substituted carbamoyl radical, or a physiologically compatible salt thereof, characterized by hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity.

Abstract: Phenyl-alkane-carboxylic acids of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is an aryl, aralkyl or arylvinyl radical optionally substituted by hydroxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, alkylthio, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkyl-substituted amino, aryloxy or alkoxy-substituted aryloxy, or is an aryloxyalkyl or arylthioalkyl radical, or a heterocyclic ring system optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl or alkoxy,Y is a valency bond or an unbranched or branched lower alkylene radical containing up to 3 carbon atoms,X is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, there being at least 2 carbon atoms between the benzene ring and the carboxyl group, andR is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical, as well as physiologically compatible salts, esters and amides thereof, exhibit hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity.

Abstract: New indole-2-carbaldehyde compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower alkylR.sub.2 is hydrogen, halogen, or lower alkyl or alkoxy,With the proviso that when R.sub.2 is halogen or ethyl,R.sub.1 can also be hydrogenAnd the physiologically compatible derivatives thereof, are outstandingly effective in lowering excessive blood sugar in mammals.

Abstract: New biguanide compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is saturated or unsaturated cycloaliphatic hydrocarbyl, and the physiologically compatible salts thereof; display outstanding anti-diabetic effectiveness in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, without showing the typical side effects of biguanide treatment, viz., lactacidosis.

Abstract: New indole derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or halogen or lower alkyl or, taken together, represent a --CH=CH-CH=CH- bridge, with the proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not both hydrogen, and wherein, when R.sub.2 is halogen or alkyl, R.sub.1 can also be alkoxy;Are outstandingly effective in blood sugar lowering action in mammals.

Abstract: Benzene sulfonyl ureas of the formula ##SPC1##In whichR represents a hydrogen, chlorine, or bromine atom, a methoxy or methyl group,--X--Y-- represents --N=CH--, --NH--CH.sub.2 --, --NH--CO--, ##EQU1## the alkyl herein containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atomsR.sup.1 represents an alkyl group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, 3-ethyl-cyclopentyl, methyl-cyclopentyl, dimethylcyclopentyl, 4-alkyl-cyclohexyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, 4-chloro-cyclohexyl, 4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl, 3-methyl-cyclopentenyl, 4-methylcyclohexenyl, endoalkylene-cyclohexyl, endoalkylene-cyclohexenyl, bicyclo-(2.2.1) hept-2-en-7-yl, and their physiologically tolerable salts, useful for lowering blood sugar level in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: Hypoglycemically active benzenesulfonyl-semicarbazides of the formula ##SPC1##Wherein X is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, methyl or methoxy, Y is --CH(CH.sub.3)-CH.sub.2 --, preferably --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, Z is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical of 1 or 2 carbon atoms, which forms together with Y a 5- or 6-membered ring, R is alkylene-imino of 3 to 7 carbon atoms in the ring which may be unsaturated or substituted by 1 or 2 methyl or lower alkyl or methoxy, pentamethylene-imino substituted by endoalkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, hexamethylene-imino substituted by endoethylene in .beta.- .epsilon.