Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of formula (I) having activity on a receptor protein tyrosine kinase, wherein R1, R2, R3, A, Q, Z, X and W are set forth in the description, as well as solvates, hydrates, tautomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of formula (I) having activity on a receptor protein tyrosine kinase, wherein R1, R2, R3, A, Q, Z, X and W are set forth in the description, as well as solvates, hydrates, tautomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: The present application provides a compound in formula III, and further provides a use of the compound in the synthesis of a Brivaracetam intermediate and a crude drug, and a synthesis method. A raw material involved in the method of the present application is low in costs and easily available; (R)-4-propyl-dihydrofuran-2-ketone having high optical purity can be prepared; complicated separation and purification steps are avoided; costs are reduced, and the method is more applicable to industrial production.

Abstract: The present application provides a compound in formula III, and further provides a use of the compound in the synthesis of a Brivaracetam intermediate and a crude drug, and a synthesis method. A raw material involved in the method of the present application is low in costs and easily available; (R)-4-propyl-dihydrofuran-2-ketone having high optical purity can be prepared; complicated separation and purification steps are avoided; costs are reduced, and the method is more applicable to industrial production.

Abstract: A stand-alone speedometer directly measuring the translational speed of a moving body comprises a source emitting two spaced light beams which interfere each other, mirrors or beam splitters changing directions of propagation of light beams, and a detector measuring the phase difference of light beams. Compared with the phase difference when the speedometer is stationary, the detector measures a first-order change of phase differences, which indicates the motion speed.

Abstract: A stand-alone speedometer includes an electromagnetic wave source, a beam splitter, a detector and two media with different dispersive dragging effects. An electromagnetic wave is divided into two beams by the beam splitter. The two beams pass the two media differently and they combine again to go on to a detector, giving rise to interference which records the travel-time difference between two beams. Because the two media have different dispersive dragging effects on the propagation of the electromagnetic wave, measuring the change of the travel-time difference when the apparatus is stationary to that when the apparatus is moving will give the translational speed of the apparatus.