Abstract: The present disclosure relates to software-defined methods and apparatuses for designing a wafer-level switching system, including: determining wafer-level switching system layout constraints; constructing a target wafer-level switching system and determining parameters, and designing a logical topology of a switching network; designing a layout of the switching chiplets on the wafer substrate; respectively designing interface structures of external chiplets and internal chiplets; configuring a switching mode and an enable state of each port of the switching chiplets; ending the process when the target logical topology can be achieved by the wafer-level switching system; otherwise, reconstructing a logical topology of a switching network and mapping it to the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and tools for teaching rapid and accurate decoding and encoding words. In decoding (reading), the invention delineates the concept of sound units (a combination of blendable letter sounds) and their use to accurately decode words systematically and efficiently. In encoding (writing or making words), the invention utilize a combination of wheels to help children with limited motor skills to easily and accurately encode thousands of words and word like combinations so as to learn and familiarize themselves with words and their structures. The same wheels can also be used to create math wheels and sorting wheels that can train children's early math skills in adding, deducting, multiplication, subdivision, and other important abilities.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and tools for teaching rapid and accurate decoding and encoding words. In decoding (reading), the invention delineates the concept of sound units (a combination of blendable letter sounds) and their use to accurately decode words systematically and efficiently. In encoding writing or making words), the invention utilize a combination of wheels to help children with limited motor skills to easily and accurately encode thousands of words and word like combinations so as to learn and familiarize themselves with words and their structures. The same wheels can also be used to create math wheels and sorting wheels that can train children's early math skills in adding, deducting, multiplication, subdivision, and other important abilities.