Abstract: Disclosed herein, in certain embodiments, are methods and systems for utilizing spike trains. In one aspect, encompassed by the disclosure is a method comprising: determining, by at least one processor, a plurality of spike trains from a plurality of neurons of a cerebral cortex of a subject. The method may comprise determining, by the at least one processor, a plurality of first layer feature vectors, the plurality of first layer feature vectors including a first feature vector that comprises temporal-relation values of a subset of the plurality of spike trains with respect to a time instance of a reference spike train of the subset, corresponding to a time constant ? having a first value. The method may comprise establishing, by the at least one processor, a first layer comprising a first plurality of clusters of the first layer feature vectors.

Abstract: The sensory substitution system includes a portable matrix of exciters that can be worn by a user in such a way that the exciters are placed against the skin of a user, as well as a control circuit for the exciters of the matrix. An asynchronous signal source provides the control circuit with an asynchronous signal representative of visual information organised according to a matrix of pixels. This asynchronous signal includes, for each pixel, successive events associated in an asynchronous manner with the pixel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for pattern recognition in a plurality of received time signals of different types, the method includes: b) for each received signal, creating an asynchronous time signal including events; c) for each created asynchronous signal, creating an activity profile of the asynchronous signal which decreases as a function of the time elapsed since the last event of the asynchronous signal; d) for a given time t0: d1) determining a context defined as the set of activity profiles of the created asynchronous signals, d2) determining a standard context among predetermined standard contexts, having a minimum distance to the context determined in step d1, d3) determining the pattern as a function of the determined standard context.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging device including a light source arranged so as to generate an optical signal, an optical support coupled to the light source and arranged so as to project a luminous excitation signal with a substantially constant light intensity, from the light source to a body to be observed during the use of the device, and an asynchronous camera coupled to the optical support and designed so as to generate a signal including, for each pixel of a first pixel matrix, a signal sequence representing asynchronous events corresponding to variations of the light backscattered by the body to be observed for the pixel.

Abstract: A method of controlling the display of images in the form of a pixel array, includes for a pixel of the array, asynchronous information representing events concerning the pixel is received, a first activation of the pixel is actuated at an activation time determined by a first event of the asynchronous information, and at least a second activation of the pixel is actuated in order to repeat the first activation of the pixel at respective times defined by a refresh sequence.

Abstract: A pixel cell circuit comprises an electrode, one or more main photosensitive elements electrically coupled to the electrode for outputting a stimulation signal to the electrode responsive to light illumination, and a shunt arrangement comprising a shunt switch electrically coupled in parallel across the one or more photosensitive elements, and a control arrangement operatively coupled to the shunt switch and configured for placing the shunt switch in an open state responsive to incident light received at the pixel cell and placing the shunt switch in a closed state if no incident light is received at the pixel cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for processing asynchronous signals generated by a light sensor, the sensor having a matrix of pixels, the method including: —receiving the asynchronous signals, each signal being associated with a pixel in a group of pixels in the matrix, each signal including successive events issued by the associated pixel; —upon an occurrence of an event in one of the asynchronous signals, updating an integration value associated to the group by adding an additive value to the integration value; —if the integration value is greater than a predetermined threshold, generating an event in an outputted asynchronous signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for pattern recognition in a plurality of received time signals of different types, the method includes: b) for each received signal, creating an asynchronous time signal including events; c) for each created asynchronous signal, creating an activity profile of the asynchronous signal which decreases as a function of the time elapsed since the last event of the asynchronous signal; d) for a given time t0: d1) determining a context defined as the set of activity profiles of the created asynchronous signals, d2) determining a standard context among predetermined standard contexts, having a minimum distance to the context determined in step d1, d3) determining the pattern as a function of the determined standard context.

Abstract: The sensory substitution system includes a portable matrix of exciters that can be worn by a user in such a way that the exciters are placed against the skin of a user, as well as a control circuit for the exciters of the matrix. An asynchronous signal source provides the control circuit with an asynchronous signal representative of visual information organised according to a matrix of pixels. This asynchronous signal includes, for each pixel, successive events associated in an asynchronous manner with the pixel.

Abstract: Method for visual tracking of at least one object represented by a cluster of points with which information is associated, characterised in that it includes steps to: receive (E1) data representing a set of space-time events, determine (E2) the probability that an event in the set belongs to the cluster of points representing the at least one object, for each event in the received set, determine (E3) whether or not an event belongs to the cluster of points as a function of the determined probability for the event considered, for each event in the received set, update (E4) information associated with the cluster of points for at least one object, for each event for which it was determined in the previous step that it belongs to the cluster of points, calculate (E4, E5) the position, size and orientation of the at least one object as a function of the updated information.

Abstract: The device for processing data comprises a set of processing nodes and connections between the nodes. Each connection is configured to transmit, to a receiver node, events delivered by an emitter node. Each node is arranged to vary a respective potential value according to events that it receives and to deliver an event when the potential value reaches a predefined threshold. At least one input value of the data processing device is represented by a time interval between two events received by at least one node, and at least one output value of the data processing device is represented by a time interval between two events delivered by at least one node.

Abstract: A device for displaying an image sequence in the form of a pixel matrix, includes a control unit coupled to a projector. The control unit includes an input interface designed to receive asynchronous information representing, for each pixel of the matrix, events concerning the pixel, and a processor designed to control the activation of each pixel of the matrix at moments determined by the respective events indicated by the asynchronous information for the pixel. The projector is disposed on a support so as to illuminate the light receptors of the eye when the device is in use and is designed to project a light flux corresponding to the pixels activated by the control unit.

Abstract: Asynchronous information is provided by a sensor having a matrix of pixels disposed opposite the scene. The asynchronous information includes, for each pixel of the matrix, successive events originating from this pixel, that may depend on variations of light in the scene. A model representing the tracked shape of an object is updated after detecting events attributed to this object in the asynchronous information. Following detection, the updating of the model includes an association of a point of the model with the event detected by minimizing a criterion of distance with respect to the pixel of the matrix from which the detected event originates. The updated model is then determined as a function of the pixel of the matrix from which the detected event originates and attributed to the object and of the associated point in the model, independently of the associations performed before the detection of this event.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for processing asynchronous signals generated by a light sensor, the sensor having a matrix of pixels, the method including: —receiving the asynchronous signals, each signal being associated with a pixel in a group of pixels in the matrix, each signal including successive events issued by the associated pixel; —upon an occurrence of an event in one of the asynchronous signals, updating an integration value associated to the group by adding an additive value to the integration value; —if the integration value is greater than a predetermined threshold, generating an event in an outputted asynchronous signal.

Abstract: An input signal (f) representative of a scene to be viewed comprises, for each pixel of a matrix of pixels, an event-based asynchronous-signal sequence obtained as a function of variations of light relating to the pixel in the scene. This input signal is transformed spatially within the matrix of pixels and temporally along the signal sequences to generate respective control signals (S) for pixel zones of a device for aiding vision (20).

Abstract: Method for visual tracking of at least one object represented by a cluster of points with which information is associated, characterised in that it includes steps to: receive (E1) data representing a set of space-time events, determine (E2) the probability that an event in the set belongs to the cluster of points representing the at least one object, for each event in the received set, determine (E3) whether or not an event belongs to the cluster of points as a function of the determined probability for the event considered, for each event in the received set, update (E4) information associated with the cluster of points for at least one object, for each event for which it was determined in the previous step that it belongs to the cluster of points, calculate (E4, E5) the position, size and orientation of the at least one object as a function of the updated information.

Abstract: A pixel cell circuit comprises an electrode, one or more main photosensitive elements electrically coupled to the electrode for outputting a stimulation signal to the electrode responsive to light illumination, and a shunt arrangement comprising a shunt switch electrically coupled in parallel across the one or more photosensitive elements, and a control arrangement operatively coupled to the shunt switch and configured for placing the shunt switch in an open state responsive to incident light received at the pixel cell and placing the shunt switch in a closed state if no incident light is received at the pixel cell.

Abstract: Method for visual tracking of at least one object represented by a cluster of points with which information is associated, characterized in that it includes steps to: receive (E1) data representing a set of space-time events, determine (E2) the probability that an event in the set belongs to the cluster of points representing the at least one object, for each event in the received set, determine (E3) whether or not an event belongs to the cluster of points as a function of the determined probability for the event considered, for each event in the received set, update (E4) information associated with the cluster of points for at least one object, for each event for which it was determined in the previous step that it belongs to the cluster of points, calculate (E4, E5) the position, size and orientation of the at least one object as a function of the updated information.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging device including a light source arranged so as to generate an optical signal, an optical support coupled to the light source and arranged so as to project a luminous excitation signal with a substantially constant light intensity, from the light source to a body to be observed during the use of the device, and an asynchronous camera coupled to the optical support and designed so as to generate a signal including, for each pixel of a first pixel matrix, a signal sequence representing asynchronous events corresponding to variations of the light backscattered by the body to be observed for the pixel.

Abstract: A method of controlling the display of images in the form of a pixel array, includes for a pixel of the array, asynchronous information representing events concerning the pixel is received, a first activation of the pixel is actuated at an activation time determined by a first event of the asynchronous information, and at least a second activation of the pixel is actuated in order to repeat the first activation of the pixel at respective times defined by a refresh sequence.