Abstract: The modular stackable light fixtures of the present invention include collars, shades, and diffusers that allow users to construct or reconfigure cost-effective modular light fixtures. A modular light fixture can include a collar with one or more indexes and a receiving element within the neck of the shade. The neck features receiving elements that engage the indexes, and a retention mechanism locks the shade and collar in place. The shades can have various geometries and may include baffles, inner shells, and coupling elements.

Abstract: Modular light fixtures can include collars, shades, and diffusers that can be combined to create various lighting configurations. The collars feature indexes that engage with the necks of the shades, which have slots to accommodate the diffusers. The diffusers can comprise connectors and fins, allowing them to be securely attached and aligned within the fixture.

Abstract: A modular light fixture includes collars, shades, and diffusers that are selectively combinable to form configurable lighting assemblies. A plurality of diffusers is configured to couple end-to-end to form a diffuser bar extending along a longitudinal axis. Each diffuser may include one or more connectors and one or more external fins. The fins are configured to engage corresponding slots defined by neck portions of adjacent shades to inhibit relative rotational movement between the shades when assembled. A collar may include one or more indexes configured to engage a shade to secure the collar relative to the shade, while a connector of a diffuser engages a connection element of the collar in a manner that resists axial separation and permits relative rotation. The modular configuration allows stacked shade arrangements, controlled rotational locking, and adjustable diffuser bar lengths.

Abstract: The modular stackable light fixtures of the present invention includes collars, shades, and diffusers that enable users to construct or reconfigure cost-effective modular light fixtures. A modular light fixture can include a collar with one or more indexes and a shade with a neck that contains one or more magnets. The neck features receiving elements that engage with the indexes, and the magnets retain the shade and collar in a locked orientation. The shades can have various geometries and may include baffles, inner shells, and coupling elements.

Abstract: An architectural thermoplastic panel includes double-sided, high-relief embossments formed simultaneously during a controlled heating and pressure process. A first major surface of the panel includes a first high-relief embossment and a second major surface opposite the first major surface includes a second high-relief embossment. The embossments may exhibit cohesive structural interactions through the thickness of the panel, producing complementary or registered features that improve rigidity, distribute stresses, and alter acoustic response. Each embossment can have a depth and substantially similar fidelity and surface finish. The embossments can also redirect light through the panel body, causing visual effects such as prismatic separation, refraction, diffusion, scattering, or gradient banding. In some embodiments, the panel is transparent or translucent, permitting viewing of registered patterns from either side.

Abstract: The present application relates to an iron impregnated biochar and its use as a fertilizer. The iron impregnated biochar of the present application has a ratio of iron (III) to iron (II) ranging from 5:1 to 10:1. The biochar may be produced by a method including treating the biomass with an iron (II) ion solution, pyrolyzing the iron (II)-treated biomass in an oxidative environment and recovering the biochar product from the pyrolyzed iron (II)-treated biomass.

Abstract: The present application relates to an iron impregnated biochar and its use as a fertilizer. The iron impregnated biochar of the present application has a ratio of iron (III) to iron (II) ranging from 5:1 to 10:1. The biochar may be produced by a method including treating the biomass with an iron (II) ion solution, pyrolyzing the iron (II)-treated biomass in an oxidative environment and recovering the biochar product from the pyrolyzed iron (II)-treated biomass.

Abstract: The present application relates to an iron impregnated biochar and its use as a fertilizer. The iron impregnated biochar of the present application has a ratio of iron (III) to iron (II) ranging from 5:1 to 10:1. The biochar may be produced by a method including treating the biomass with an iron (II) ion solution, pyrolyzing the iron (II)-treated biomass in an oxidative environment and recovering the biochar product from the pyrolyzed iron (II)-treated biomass.

Abstract: The present application relates to an iron impregnated biochar and its use as a fertilizer. The iron impregnated biochar of the present application has a ratio of iron (III) to iron (II) ranging from 5:1 to 10:1. The biochar may be produced by a method including treating the biomass with an iron (II) ion solution, pyrolyzing the iron (II)-treated biomass in an oxidative environment and recovering the biochar product from the pyrolyzed iron (II)-treated biomass.

Abstract: The present application relates to an iron impregnated biochar and its use as a fertilizer. The iron impregnated biochar of the present application has a ratio of iron (III) to iron (II) ranging from 5:1 to 10:1. The biochar may be produced by a method including treating the biomass with an iron (II) ion solution, pyrolyzing the iron (II)-treated biomass in an oxidative environment and recovering the biochar product from the pyrolyzed iron (II)-treated biomass.

Abstract: A light shade can include a top surface formed by a plurality of adjacent, alternating peak and trough folds that define intervening facets, a bottom surface disposed opposite the top surface, and an edge surface transverse to and connecting the top surface and the bottom surface. The intervening facets can each be in the shape of a triangle with adjacent triangular facets sharing an edge. The shared edge can be one of a peak fold or a trough fold. One or more of the trough folds can have a plunge between the edge surface and an opposing side of the top surface. In an implementation, the light shade can be manufactured from a unitary polymeric sheet with the bottom surface being a mirror image of the top surface.

Abstract: The present application discloses low temperature, low pressure methods (LTLP) for upgrading and/or stabilizing bio-oil or a bio-oil fraction. One method comprises providing a bio-oil or bio-oil fraction and hydrogen, which are reacted in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of less than 150° C. and a pressure of less than 100 bar (absolute) to produce a hydrogenated liquid oil at a carbon yield of over 75%. Another method comprises providing a bio-oil or bio-oil fraction, providing oxygen reducing reaction conditions, and reacting the bio-oil or bio-oil fraction under the oxygen reducing reaction conditions at LTLP to produce an upgraded bio-oil product containing fewer carbonyls than the bio-oil or bio-oil fraction. Yet another method comprises providing a bio-oil or bio-oil fraction and a solution comprising one or more fermentation organisms and a sugar source. The solution and bio-oil or bio-oil fraction are combined to obtain a fermentation mixture, which is incubated at 15° C. to 30° C.