Abstract: A three dimensional grid map is generated to locate a cross member on a receiving vehicle which is coupled to a following vehicle. The location of the cross member is tracked during an unloading operation so the leading vehicle avoids the cross member when unloading material into the receiving vehicle, and so the fill level is more accurately identified.

Abstract: A hitch point where a receiving vehicle is coupled to a following vehicle is located relative to a leading vehicle. The trajectory or route of the following vehicle is detected and a dynamic model estimates a location of a receiving area in the receiving vehicle relative to the leading vehicle based on the trajectory or route of the following vehicle and the location of the hitch point relative to the leading vehicle.

Abstract: A cross member on a receiving vehicle which is coupled to a following vehicle, is located relative to a leading vehicle. The location of the cross member is tracked during an unloading operation so the leading vehicle avoids the cross member when unloading material into the receiving vehicle.

Abstract: A leading vehicle loads material into a receiving vehicle during an unloading operation. An unloading control system detects and processes stop conditions to automatically stop a material conveyance mechanism when a stop condition arises.

Abstract: A leading vehicle loads material into a receiving vehicle during an unloading operation and receives a weight value from the receiving vehicle indicative of a weight of material that has been loaded into the receiving vehicle. The leading vehicle controls the unloading operation based on the weight value.

Abstract: A physical attribute of a receiving vehicle (a receiving vehicle parameter) is automatically detected by a sensor on a leading vehicle, and a calibration system locates (by calculating a calibrated offset value) the receiving vehicle parameter relative to a reference point on a following vehicle, the following vehicle providing propulsion to the receiving vehicle. The leading vehicle automatically unloads material into the receiving vehicle using the calibrated offset value corresponding to the receiving vehicle.

Abstract: A physical attribute of a receiving vehicle (a receiving vehicle parameter) is located by calculating a vehicle parameter offset value indicative of the location of the receiving vehicle parameter relative to a reference point on a following vehicle, the following vehicle providing propulsion to the receiving vehicle. The vehicle parameter offset value is stored for access during an unloading operation. A leading vehicle automatically accesses the vehicle parameter offset value and unloads material into the receiving vehicle using the vehicle parameter offset value corresponding to the receiving vehicle.

Abstract: An interchangeable electro-mechanical lock core for use with a lock device having a locked state and an unlocked state is disclosed. The interchangeable electromechanical lock core may include a moveable plug having a first position relative to a lock core body which corresponds to the lock device being in the locked state and a second position relative to a lock core body which corresponds to the lock device being in the unlocked state.

Abstract: Fastening collars, multi-piece fastening systems, and methods of fastening are provided. The fastening collar comprises a first end, a second end, and an elongate portion intermediate the first end and the second end and defining a longitudinal axis of the fastening collar. The elongate portion comprises a first region adjacent the first end, a second region intermediate the first region and the second end, and a cavity. The first region comprises a first diameter and is configured to be received by a bore of a structure. The second region comprises a second diameter greater than the first diameter. The cavity extends through the elongate portion and is configured to receive at least a portion of a shank of the multi-piece fastening system. The elongate portion is configured to at least partially deform onto the shank responsive to forcible contact between the second region and an installation tool.

Abstract: Methods and system of using a target-binding aptasensor to determine a concentration of a target in a media may include dispensing target in the media, applying an intermittent pulse amperometry (“IPA”) waveform to the target-binding aptasensor in the media to sense the target, determining a reference point of the target-binding aptasensor to set a baseline level corresponding to the reference point, and determining the concentration of the target in the media based on the baseline level of the reference point.

Abstract: A nanopore device includes a membrane having a nanopore extending there through forming a channel from a first side of the membrane to a second side of the membrane. The surface of the channel and first side of the membrane are modified with a hydrophobic coating. A first lipid monolayer is deposited on the first side of the membrane, and a second lipid monolayer is deposited on the second side of the membrane, wherein the hydrophobic coating causes spontaneous generation of a lipid bilayer across the nanopore orifice. Sensing entities, such as a protein ion channel, can be inserted and removed from the bilayer by adjusting transmembrane pressure, and adapter molecules can be electrostatically trapped in the ion channel by applying high transmembrane voltages, while resistance or current flow through the sensing entity can be measured electrically.

Abstract: A method of preventing non-specific adsorption of proteins onto a surface can include providing a substrate that has a surface on which surface groups are attached. A solution can be applied to the surface that includes a protective reagent having a terminal functional group exhibiting a dipole moment. A monolayer comprising the protective reagent is assembled on the surface by reacting the protective reagent with the surface groups, thereby creating a protected surface. The protective reagent alone is sufficient to confer to the protected surface an increased resistance to adsorption of proteins.

Abstract: Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate.

Abstract: Nanopore based ion-selective electrodes and methods of their manufacture as well as methods for their use are disclosed and described. The nanopore based ion-selective electrode can include a pore being present in a solid material and having a nanosize opening in the solid material, a metal conductor disposed inside the pore opposite the opening in the solid material, a reference electrode material contacting said metal conductor and disposed inside the pore, a conductive composition in contact with the reference electrode and disposed in the pore, and an ion-selective membrane. The ion-selective membrane can be configured to isolate the metal conductor, reference electrode material, and conductive composition together within the pore.

Abstract: Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate.

Abstract: A nanopore device includes a membrane having a nanopore extending there through forming a channel from a first side of the membrane to a second side of the membrane. The surface of the channel and first side of the membrane are modified with a hydrophobic coating. A first lipid monolayer is deposited on the first side of the membrane, and a second lipid monolayer is deposited on the second side of the membrane, wherein the hydrophobic coating causes spontaneous generation of a lipid bilayer across the nanopore orifice. Sensing entities, such as a protein ion channel, can be inserted and removed from the bilayer by adjusting transmembrane pressure, and adapter molecules can be electrostatically trapped in the ion channel by applying high transmembrane voltages, while resistance or current flow through the sensing entity can be measured electrically.

Abstract: Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate.

Abstract: A nanopore device includes a membrane having a nanopore extending there through forming a channel from a first side of the membrane to a second side of the membrane. The surface of the channel and first side of the membrane are modified with a hydrophobic coating. A first lipid monolayer is deposited on the first side of the membrane, and a second lipid monolayer is deposited on the second side of the membrane, wherein the hydrophobic coating causes spontaneous generation of a lipid bilayer across the nanopore orifice. Sensing entities, such as a protein ion channel, can be inserted and removed from the bilayer by adjusting transmembrane pressure, and adapter molecules can be electrostatically trapped in the ion channel by applying high transmembrane voltages, while resistance or current flow through the sensing entity can be measured electrically.

Abstract: Nanopore based ion-selective electrodes and methods of their manufacture as well as methods for their use are disclosed and described. The nanopore based ion-selective electrode can include a pore being present in a solid material and having a nanosize opening in the solid material, a metal conductor disposed inside the pore opposite the opening in the solid material, a reference electrode material contacting said metal conductor and disposed inside the pore, a conductive composition in contact with the reference electrode and disposed in the pore, and an ion-selective membrane. The ion-selective membrane can be configured to isolate the metal conductor, reference electrode material, and conductive composition together within the pore.

Abstract: Provided are the preparation, characterization, and application of a nanopore membrane device. The nanopore device comprises a thin membrane prepared from glass, fused silica, ceramics or quartz, containing one or more nanopores ranging from about 2 nm to about 500 nm. The nanopore is prepared by a template method using sharpened metal wires and the size of the pore opening can be controlled during fabrication by an electrical feedback circuit. The nanopore device is particularly useful for counting and analyzing nanoparticles of radius less than 400 nm.