Abstract: An apparatus includes an electric motor having an output shaft and a stator comprising plurality of windings and including a torque sensor that is a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor system, an electric motor inverter drive including a gate high side driver and a gate low side driver for each respective winding, and an electric motor controller that includes a microcontroller and a plurality of pulse width modulators (PWMs), one PWM for each gate high side and low side driver, the microcontroller being programmed to generate PWM signals for the gate drivers that represent requested torque. The output of the SAW sensor system is compared by the microcontroller with the requested torque, and the PWM signals for the gate drivers are modified by the microcontroller according to a difference between the programmed PWM signals (representing requested torque) and the electrical output signal of the SAW sensor system (representing actual torque).

Abstract: An electrically powered propellor apparatus comprising an axial flux electric machine. The axial flux electric machine comprises a rotor, at least one stator and a shaft. The shaft mounts the rotor and the shaft is mounted in at least two spaced apart thrust bearings. Each of the thrust bearings is configured to resist thrust in opposing axial directions of the shaft. The shaft has a propellor mounted on at least one end thereof.

Abstract: A brushless bi-directional electric machine comprises a housing mounting exciting coils, a rotor and a stator, the exciting coils and the stator being stationary with respect to the housing and the rotor mounted for rotation with respect to the housing. The electric machine comprises a controller configured to control an exciting current supplied to the exciting coils.

Abstract: An electrically powered propellor apparatus comprising an axial flux electric machine. The axial flux electric machine comprises a rotor, at least one stator and a shaft. The shaft mounts the rotor and the shaft is mounted in at least two spaced apart thrust bearings. Each of the thrust bearings is configured to resist thrust in opposing axial directions of the shaft. The shaft has a propellor mounted on at least one end thereof.

Abstract: An integrated electric power train comprises an electric machine, a mechanical speed converter and a transfer shaft each mounted in a common housing. The mechanical speed reducer includes a plurality of wheels and an output shaft; the electric machine includes a stator and a rotor, the stator attached to one of the walls of the housing; and the rotor and one of the plurality of wheels are each mounted on the transfer shaft for the transfer of rotational power therethrough from the rotor to the output shaft.

Abstract: A hybrid system for a heavy duty vehicle having an engine and a pneumatic system.

Abstract: A brushless bi-directional electric machine comprises a housing mounting exciting coils, a rotor and a stator, the exciting coils and the stator being stationary with respect to the housing and the rotor mounted for rotation with respect to the housing. The electric machine comprises a controller configured to control an exciting current supplied to the exciting coils.