Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to devices and methods for preparing an existing, implanted prosthetic aortic valve for subsequent prosthetic aortic valve implantation. To prepare the existing valve, a valve preparation device is delivered to the valve and valve leaflets are severed either via mechanical cutting or electrodes so that the leaflets cannot obstruct a blood flow path once a prosthetic valve is subsequently implanted within the valve. Similarly, in alternate embodiments, devices and methods of the disclosure can be used for preparing a native aortic valve for delivery and implantation of a prosthetic valve.

Abstract: An exhaust outlet elbow includes: a body having an outer wall and an interior wall, the interior wall defining, at least in part, an interior chamber; a connecting surface located above the interior chamber; and an array of threaded holes located about the connecting surface, wherein the threaded holes terminate in the body. A method of manufacturing an exhaust outlet elbow includes the steps of: forming a body having an outer wall and an interior wall, the interior wall defining, at least in part an interior chamber; forming an connecting surface located between the interior and outer walls; and forming an array of threaded holes in the connecting surface.

Abstract: An exhaust runner includes an exhaust runner inlet, an exhaust nozzle outlet aperture, and an impingement insulator. The exhaust runner inlet is configured to receive a first flow of an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. The exhaust nozzle outlet aperture is defined by an intersection of a tip flow passage and an internal surface of the exhaust runner. The exhaust nozzle outlet aperture is configured to introduce a second flow of the exhaust gas into the first flow of the exhaust gas. An impingement zone is defined by a projection of the outlet aperture onto the internal surface of the runner in a direction of the second flow of the exhaust gas. The impingement insulator is collocated with the impingement zone.

Abstract: An exhaust nozzle tip for an exhaust runner conveying a first flow of an exhaust gas includes an inlet, outlet, and nozzle passageway. The inlet receives a second flow of the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. The outlet introduces the second flow into the first flow in the exhaust runner. The nozzle passageway conveys the second flow from the inlet to the outlet and is defined by an upstream curved surface, and a downstream surface. The downstream surface includes a first downstream curve, a straight portion, and a second downstream curve. The first downstream curve transitions from perpendicular to the first flow to between 60 degrees and 15 degrees relative to the first flow. The straight portion extends from the first downstream curve. The second downstream curve transitions from the straight portion to a downstream portion of the exhaust runner.

Abstract: An exhaust runner includes an exhaust runner inlet, an exhaust nozzle outlet aperture, and an impingement insulator. The exhaust runner inlet is configured to receive a first flow of an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. The exhaust nozzle outlet aperture is defined by an intersection of a tip flow passage and an internal surface of the exhaust runner. The exhaust nozzle outlet aperture is configured to introduce a second flow of the exhaust gas into the first flow of the exhaust gas. An impingement zone is defined by a projection of the outlet aperture onto the internal surface of the runner in a direction of the second flow of the exhaust gas. The impingement insulator is collocated with the impingement zone.

Abstract: An exhaust nozzle tip for an exhaust runner conveying a first flow of an exhaust gas includes an inlet, outlet, and nozzle passageway. The inlet receives a second flow of the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. The outlet introduces the second flow into the first flow in the exhaust runner. The nozzle passageway conveys the second flow from the inlet to the outlet and is defined by an upstream curved surface, and a downstream surface. The downstream surface includes a first downstream curve, a straight portion, and a second downstream curve. The first downstream curve transitions from perpendicular to the first flow to between 60 degrees and 15 degrees relative to the first flow. The straight portion extends from the first downstream curve. The second downstream curve transitions from the straight portion to a downstream portion of the exhaust runner.

Abstract: An exhaust outlet elbow includes: a body having an outer wall and an interior wall, the interior wall defining, at least in part, an interior chamber; a connecting surface located above the interior chamber; and an array of threaded holes located about the connecting surface, wherein the threaded holes terminate in the body. A method of manufacturing an exhaust outlet elbow includes the steps of: forming a body having an outer wall and an interior wall, the interior wall defining, at least in part an interior chamber; forming an connecting surface located between the interior and outer walls; and forming an array of threaded holes in the connecting surface.

Abstract: An exhaust outlet elbow includes: a body having an outer wall and an interior wall, the interior wall defining, at least in part, a first interior chamber; a rib having a base portion connected to the interior wall and a free end, the rib dividing the interior chamber into first and second portions; and a scalloped region of the rib located between the free end and the interior wall. A method of providing cooling to an interior rib of an exhaust elbow includes: locating the rib in an interior chamber; attaching the rib to a side wall of the chamber; and providing a scalloped region between a portion of the rib and the side wall.

Abstract: An enclosure that encloses turbocharged engines that includes a first and a second turbochargers of the turbocharged engines, the first and second turbochargers configured to power the turbocharged engines. A heat shield that houses at least some components of the first and second turbochargers and a fluid cooled exhaust outlet elbow housed in the heat shield and having a coolant chamber, the coolant chamber containing a coolant to decrease a temperature of the heat shielding are also included. Further included with the enclosure is a waste gate being received on a surface of a waste gate housing of the fluid cooled exhaust outlet elbow, the waste gate diverts a portion of an exhaust from the first and second turbochargers.

Abstract: An engine with a heat shielding enclosure system is disclosed. The heat shielding enclosure system uses serviceable, malleable gaskets to provide an improved seal to reduce the amount of heat escaping from the heat shielding enclosure and to allow for the gaskets to be serviced at low cost and difficulty.