Abstract: An electrically conductive pipe comprises a tube structure having an electrically insulative wall with an interior surface and an exterior surface. Moreover, the electrically conductive pipe comprises a plurality of laser-scribed graphene conductive traces integrated at least partially into the electrically insulative wall. The laser-scribed graphene conductive traces are integrated into the tube structure such that they are integrated at least one of on the interior surface of the electrically insulative wall, on the exterior surface of the electrically insulative wall, and between the interior surface and exterior surface within the electrically insulative wall. The laser-scribed graphene conductive traces are formed onto or within the tube structure by irradiating the tube structure in a predefined trace pattern with a laser to induce reactions that convert the material of the tube structure into the laser-scribed graphene conductive traces.

Abstract: A novel quantum dot capable of near infrared emissions at wavelengths of 750-1100 is made by forming solid solutions of metal sulfide, metal selenide or metal sulfide selenide by incorporating a suitable amount of an additional metallic element or elements to provide an emission wavelength in the range of 750 nm to 1100 nm. The quantum dots may be enabled for bioconjugation and may be used in a method for tissue imaging and analyte detection.

Abstract: A novel quantum dot capable of near infrared emissions at wavelengths of 750-1100 is made by forming solid solutions of metal sulfide, metal selenide or metal sulfide selenide by incorporating a suitable amount of an additional metallic element or elements to provide an emission wavelength in the range of 750 nm to 1100 nm. The quantum dots may be enabled for bioconjugation and may be used in a method for tissue imaging and analyte detection.

Abstract: A novel quantum dot capable of near infrared emissions at wavelengths of 750-1100 is made by forming solid solutions of metal sulfide, metal selenide or metal sulfide selenide by incorporating a suitable amount of an additional metallic element or elements to provide an emission wavelength in the range of 750 nm to 1100 nm. The quantum dots may be enabled for bioconjugation and may be used in a method for tissue imaging and analyte detection.

Abstract: A novel quantum dot capable of near infrared emissions at wavelengths of 750-1100 is made by forming solid solutions of metal sulfide, metal selenide or metal sulfide selenide by incorporating a suitable amount of an additional metallic element or elements to provide an emission wavelength in the range of 750 nm to 1100 nm. The quantum dots may be enabled for bioconjugation and may be used in a method for tissue imaging and analyte detection.